益生元和益生菌(合生元联合使用时)改善与自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)相关症状的功效已显示出相当大的研究间差异,可能是由于复杂,疾病及其相关行为的异质性,发展,和胃肠道症状。这里,我们在296名被诊断为ASD的儿童和成人与123名年龄匹配的神经典型对照中进行了精准合生元补充研究.一百七十名ASD参与者完成了这项研究。进行ASD和胃肠(GI)症状的基线和合生体后评估以及深层宏基因组测序。在ASD队列中,根据社会反应量表(SRS2)调查(Prevotellaspp。,拟杆菌,镰刀菌,和其他)以及无麸质和无乳制品的饮食(双歧杆菌属。,乳球菌,链球菌属。,和其他人)。在基线,ASD队列保持较低的分类α多样性和分类组成的显着差异,代谢途径,和基因家族,潜在病原体的比例更高,包括志贺氏菌,克雷伯菌属,和梭菌属,和较低比例的有益微生物,包括与对照相比的粪杆菌。在3个月的合生元补充后,ASD队列显示出增加的分类α多样性,分类学和代谢途径潜力的变化,和一些ASD相关症状的改善,包括胃肠道不适的显著减少和语言的整体改善,理解,认知,思考,和演讲。然而,开放标签研究设计可能包括一些安慰剂效应.总之,我们发现,精准合生元可调节肠道微生物组,可用作改善胃肠道和ASD相关症状的补充剂.
目的:自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)在美国36名儿童中有1名普遍存在,有助于健康,金融,和心理负担。试图鉴定ASD的肠道微生物组特征已经产生了不同的结果。有限的临床前和临床人群规模阻碍了这些试验的成功。为了了解与ASD相关的微生物组,我们采用全宏基因组鸟枪测序对微生物组成和基因功能潜力进行分类。尽管是最广泛的ASD合生元后评估研究之一,这些结果突出了在该人群中进行这种病例对照补充研究的复杂性,以及未来ASD治疗方法的潜力.
The efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics (synbiotics when combined) to improve symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown considerable inter-
study variation, likely due to the complex, heterogeneous nature of the disorder and its associated behavioral, developmental, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Here, we present a
precision synbiotic supplementation
study in 296 children and adults diagnosed with ASD versus 123 age-matched neurotypical controls. One hundred seventy ASD participants completed the
study. Baseline and post-synbiotic assessment of ASD and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and deep metagenomic sequencing were performed. Within the ASD cohort, there were significant differences in microbes between subpopulations based on the social responsiveness scale (SRS2) survey (Prevotella spp., Bacteroides, Fusicatenibacter, and others) and gluten and dairy-free diets (Bifidobacterium spp., Lactococcus, Streptococcus spp., and others). At the baseline, the ASD cohort maintained a lower taxonomic alpha diversity and significant differences in taxonomic composition, metabolic pathways, and gene families, with a greater proportion of potential pathogens, including Shigella, Klebsiella, and Clostridium, and lower proportions of beneficial microbes, including Faecalibacterium compared to controls. Following the 3-month synbiotic supplementation, the ASD cohort showed increased taxonomic alpha diversity, shifts in taxonomy and metabolic pathway potential, and improvements in some ASD-related symptoms, including a significant reduction in GI discomfort and overall improved language, comprehension, cognition, thinking, and speech. However, the open-label
study design may include some placebo effects. In summary, we found that
precision synbiotics modulated the gut microbiome and could be used as supplementation to improve gastrointestinal and ASD-related symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is prevalent in 1 out of 36 children in the United States and contributes to health, financial, and psychological burdens. Attempts to identify a gut microbiome signature of ASD have produced varied results. The limited pre-clinical and clinical population sizes have hampered the success of these trials. To understand the microbiome associated with ASD, we employed whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing to classify microbial composition and genetic functional potential. Despite being one of the most extensive ASD post-synbiotic assessment studies, the results highlight the complexity of performing such a case-control supplementation study in this population and the potential for a future therapeutic approach in ASD.