背景：卒中在全球范围内非常普遍，是认知障碍和痴呆的重要原因。目的：我们确定了与风险和年龄匹配的对照组相比，首次临床缺血性卒中患者在1、3和6个月时卒中后认知障碍（PSCI）的频率。方法:本研究包括32例病例和32例对照,并进行了超过6个月。病例为年龄>60岁的首次临床缺血性卒中患者。对照组是年龄匹配的受试者，没有先前的中风。所有患者在卒中后1、3和6个月进行蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）。MoCA评分<26用于轻度PSCI,<22用于中度PSCI(中风后痴呆)。结果：在第1个月，有12例患者（37.5％）发现了中风后痴呆，第3个月为13名（40.6%），第6个月为15名（48.4%）。1个月时有7例患者出现轻度PSCI（21.6%），16例患者（50%）在3个月时，和15例患者（48％）在6个月。1个月时卒中后痴呆的比值比(OR)为3.2(95CI0.98-10.68;p=0.05);3个月时为3.69(95%CI1.13-12.11;p=0.031),6个月时为4.88（95%CI1.49-15.99；p=0.009）。受教育年限是痴呆的独立预测因子(OR0.60;p=0.046)。6个月时卒中后痴呆的OR为7.23，调整了教育水平（95CI1.46-35.86，p=0.015）。结论：卒中后1个月PSCI频率较高。与对照组相比，仅中风就赋予了中风后痴呆的7.2倍风险。
Background: Stroke is highly prevalent globally and is an important cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. Aims: We determined the frequency of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) at 1, 3, and 6 months among patients with first clinical ischemic stroke compared to risk and age-matched controls. Methods: This study involved 32 cases and 32 controls, and was conducted over 6 months. Cases were inpatients aged >60 with first clinical ischemic stroke. Controls were age-matched subjects without prior stroke. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was performed in all patients at 1, 3, and 6 month post stroke. A MoCA score of <26 was used for mild PSCI and <22 for moderate PSCI (post stroke dementia). Results: Post-stroke dementia was detected in 12 patients (37.5%) at 1st month, in 13 (40.6%) at 3rd month and 15 (48.4%) at 6th months. Mild PSCI was present in 7 patients (21.6%) at 1 month, 16 patients (50%) at 3 months, and 15 patients (48%) at 6 months. The odds ratio (OR) for post-stroke dementia was 3.2 (95%CI 0.98-10.68; p = 0.05) at 1 month; 3.69(95% CI 1.13-12.11; p = 0.031) at 3 months, and 4.88 (95% CI 1.49-15.99; p = 0.009) at 6 months. Years of education was an independent predictor for dementia (OR 0.60; p = 0.046). The OR for post-stroke dementia at 6th month was 7.23 with education level adjusted (95%CI 1.46-35.86, p = 0.015). Conclusion: The frequency of PSCI was high as early as 1 month after stroke. Stroke alone conferred a 7.2 times risk for post-stroke dementia compared to controls.
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