UNASSIGNED: Intraductal carcinoma is a rare low grade neoplasm of salivary glands with an excellent prognosis. It most frequently occurs in the parotid gland. Ectopic localizations are quite rare.
UNASSIGNED: This case report describes a man in his 60\'s who was referred to ear, nose and throat outpatient department with 1-month history of painless swelling of the right parotid region.
UNASSIGNED: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration unveiled a cytologic specimen judged as \"suspicious for malignancy\" and patient underwent a partial superficial parotidectomy. Immunohistochemistry confirmed diagnosis of intraductal carcinoma of right parotid gland.
UNASSIGNED: There are few reported cases concerning this clinical entity following thorough review of the literature and recent developments with reference to the contribution of cytology and histopathology will probably modify its classification and management.

BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is an inflammatory disorder with unclear causes. Paraneoplastic etiology may be a cause. We report a case of CLIPPERS with parotid carcinoma.
METHODS: A 54-year-old man with a history of lymphoma was hospitalized with a pontocerebellar syndrome. Brain MRI revealed that the pons and cerebellum were \"peppered\" with punctate and curvilinear enhancement lesions that supported the diagnosis of CLIPPERS. The relapse of lymphoma was excluded by a further cerebellum biopsy revealing predominantly CD3+ T cells in white matter. The patient was relieved after pulse therapy with intravenous methylprednisolone and a large dose of corticosteroids, but he complained of a worsening gait problem when corticosteroids were tapered to a lower dose. Although the clinical symptoms gradually improved again by increasing the dosage of corticosteroids with Azathioprine, the patient still had a slight unsteady gait during follow-up. At the 7-month follow-up, a parotid mass was detected by MRI and was verified as carcinoma by biopsy. After resection of parotid carcinoma, the residual symptoms and previous MRI lesions disappeared, and no relapse occurred.
CONCLUSIONS: CLIPPERS may not be a distinct nosologic entity but an overlapping diagnosis with other diseases. Some cases of CLIPPERS might be a subtype of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) due to the similar mechanism of antibody-mediated encephalitis. Tumor screening and serum paraneoplastic autoantibody tests are recommended for patients with CLIPPERS, especially for those who relapse when corticosteroids treatment is stopped or tapered.

OBJECTIVE: Salivary glands tumours are rare neoplasms for which there are few clinical trials. The most common malignant parotid tumour is the mucoepidermoid carcinoma. High-grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas are highly aggressive tumours. The initial therapy of localized disease is known, but when there is a recurrence, several options are possible and chemotherapy is generally reserved for palliative treatment. We comment on published guidelines and report a case of sustained remission with docetaxel.
METHODS: Our case concerns a 64-year-old woman with a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland with local recurrence treated with docetaxel 50 mg/m² every 15 days. After the sixth cycle, a complete remission was observed on CT-scan. The tolerability was excellent. After 2 years of docetaxel, the patient was still in complete remission.
CONCLUSIONS: Docetaxel is an active drug for the treatment of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands. A prospective study should confirm these data.