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UNASSIGNED: As an auxiliary tool, intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has played an active role in the protection of nerve function in thyroid and parathyroid surgeries. This study aimed to help clinicians understand, standardize and reasonably apply IONM techniques in laryngeal nerves function protecting.
UNASSIGNED: Hundreds of Chinese experts in the field of IONM participated in this work. All efforts have been made to ensure that these new guidelines are practical, systematic, and based on well-recognized cutting-edge evidence. Using the three previous guidelines as well as new preclinical and clinical evidence from China and other countries, the expert panel summarized the current accepted or near-accepted opinions as the recommendations. In addition, the recommendation grades and evidence levels are presented in accordance with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). The first draft was completed by the writing team and then revised after several rounds of discussions via email or meetings.
UNASSIGNED: The finalized version of this guideline includes 42 recommendations, which may inform and guide our peers in their clinical practice, including all types of open, endoscopic, and robotic thyroid and parathyroid surgeries.
UNASSIGNED: This edition is currently the most comprehensive, and clinically significant guide for IONM of thyroid and parathyroid surgery in China.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of and determine physician approaches to the screening and management of lithium-associated thyroid and parathyroid disorders in British Columbia, Canada.
METHODS: Serum lithium and thyroid/parathyroid laboratory data were collected retrospectively for patients with lithium levels measured at seven BC hospitals between 2012 and 2021. A mail-out survey about screening and management of thyroid/parathyroid disorders in patients on lithium was sent to the ordering physicians of patients with abnormal results. Three months after, a follow-up questionnaire was sent to respondents, and the original survey was re-sent to non-responders.
RESULTS: Of 4917 patients, 1.9 % had PTH (mean 22.33 ± 23.00 pmol/L) and 77.1 % had TSH (mean 3.61 ± 6.69 pmol/L) measured. Of 222 hypercalcemic patients (defined as any serum calcium or ionized calcium above the laboratory reference), 17.6 % had a PTH level measured. From 294 surveys sent to 214 physicians, the overall response rate was 31.6 % (n = 93) with twelve fully completed surveys. All twelve respondents monitored TSH levels every 6-12 months, and eight physicians monitored PTH and/or calcium at variable intervals. Two physicians routinely ordered both thyroid and parathyroid screening laboratory tests. Of the 80 non-respondents, limited patient contact was the most common reason for opting out (n = 27).
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest biochemical screening for lithium-associated parathyroid disorders is less common than for thyroid disorders. There is insufficient data to determine the true prevalence of lithium-associated thyroid and parathyroid disorders. This highlights the need for updated clinical guidelines for management of lithium-associated thyroid and parathyroid disorders.

The COVID-19 pandemic commands a major reorganisation of the entire French healthcare system. In France, general rules have been issued nationally and implemented by each healthcare centre, both public and private, throughout France. Guidelines drafted by an expert group led by the French-speaking Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE) propose specific surgical management principles for thyroid, parathyroid, endocrine pancreas and adrenal surgery during and after the COVID-19 epidemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic commands a major reorganization of the entire French healthcare system. In France, general rules have been issued nationally and implemented by each healthcare center, both public and private, throughout France. Guidelines drafted by an expert group led by the French-speaking Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE) propose specific surgical management principles for thyroid, parathyroid, endocrine pancreas and adrenal surgery during and after the COVID-19 epidemic.

Revision parathyroid is challenging due to possible diagnostic uncertainty as well as the technical challenges it can present.
A multidisciplinary panel of distinguished experts from the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) Endocrine Section, the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons (BAETS), and other invited experts have reviewed this topic with the purpose of making recommendations based on current best evidence. The literature was also reviewed on May 12, 2017. PubMed (1946-2017), Cochrane SR (2005-2017), CT databases (1997-2017), and Web of Science (1945-2017) were searched with the following strategy: revision and reoperative parathyroidectomy to ensure completeness.
Guideline recommendations were made in 3 domains: preoperative evaluation, surgical management, and alternatives to surgery. Eleven guideline recommendations are proposed.
Reoperative parathyroid surgery is best avoided if possible. Our literature search and subsequent recommendations found that these cases are best managed by experienced surgeons using precision preoperative localization, intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH), and the team approach.