MicroRNAs(miRNA)是含有约22个核苷酸的非编码小核酸,被认为通过靶向其3''非翻译区促进mRNA的降解或抑制mRNA的翻译。然而,越来越多的证据表明,核miRNA,结合基因启动子或增强子,能够直接介导基因转录。这些miRNA通过影响细胞生长对癌症进展产生重要影响,移民和入侵。在这次审查中,讨论并总结了核miRNA在转录水平上对基因表达的直接调控,它们在癌症中的作用机制被强调,参考各种身体系统。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small nucleic acids that contain ~22 nucleotides and are considered to promote the degradation or inhibit the translation of mRNA by targeting its 3\'‑untranslated region. However, growing evidence has revealed that nuclear miRNAs, combined with gene promoters or enhancers, are able to directly mediate gene transcription. These miRNAs exert a critical influence on cancer progression by affecting cell growth, migration and invasion. In this
review, the direct regulation of gene expression by nuclear miRNAs at the transcriptional level was discussed and summarized, and their mechanisms of action in cancers were highlighted with reference to the various body systems.