■这项研究旨在开发一种有效的基于虚拟现实(VR)的干预计划,以改善2023年Kahramanmaraš地震幸存者的创伤症状。
■符合这一目标,该研究的样本包括年龄在15-72岁之间的34名地震幸存者(平均值:38.09,标准偏差(SD):15.09),他们直接受到2023年2月6日Kahramanmaraš地震的影响。五阶段干预计划(正常化,重新解释,创造一个安全的地方,制定以问题为重点的应对策略,和社会支持)应用于17名参与者(平均值:36.88,标准差:13.65),组成干预小组的人,使用VR技术。分配到干预组的所有参与者都接受了干预,其中包括正常化,重新解释地震,创造一个安全的地方,以问题为中心的应对,增加社会支持,一次以标准化的方式。在重新解释的阶段,创建一个安全的地方和以问题为中心的应对VR技术被使用,正常化和增加社会支持的阶段是通过涉及研究者和参与者之间一对一互动的心理治疗工作进行的.五阶段干预计划在2月6日的Kahramanmara地震后51天开始实施,干预的所有阶段均在7天内完成。在两个不同的时间对参与者进行测量:干预前测试和干预后测试。对照组的17名参与者(平均:39.29,SD:16.75)被放在等待名单上。数据使用“社会人口统计信息表”收集,“创伤后成长清单”,“确定震后创伤程度的量表”和“应对量表的方式”。
■在干预之前,这些群体在创伤后成长方面受到控制,震后创伤水平,宿命论应对,寻求社会支持的应对,和无助风格的应对水平之间没有观察到差异(p>0.05)。干预之后,结果发现,接受VR支持干预的地震幸存者的创伤后成长和寻求社会支持应对得分明显高于对照组,和地震后的创伤程度,宿命式应对和无助式应对得分明显低于对照组(p<0.05)。作为组内分析的结果,可以看出,创伤后的成长,与干预前相比,VR支持干预后干预组参与者寻求社会支持的应对和以问题为中心的应对得分在统计学上显著增加,而地震后的创伤水平,与干预前相比,宿命性应对和无助风格应对得分明显下降(p<0.05)。然而,可以看出,对照组参与者的得分来自应对方式量表的所有其他量表,除了宿命论的应对量表,差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。
■作为分析的结果,可以看出,开发的VR支持的干预计划可有效改善地震幸存者的创伤症状。由于制定了干预措施,地震幸存者的创伤水平迅速且具有统计学意义,这表明相关干预措施可应用于其他创伤领域,并建议进行进一步研究。
UNASSIGNED: This
study aimed to develop an effective virtual reality (VR)-based intervention program to improve trauma symptoms of survivors of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake.
UNASSIGNED: In line with this aim, the sample of the
study consisted of 34 earthquake survivors aged 15-72 years (mean: 38.09, standard deviation (SD): 15.09) who were directly affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake on February 6, 2023. A five-stage intervention program (
normalization, reinterpretation, creating a safe place, developing problem-focused coping strategies, and social support) was applied to 17 participants (mean: 36.88, SD: 13.65), who constituted the intervention group, using VR technology. All participants assigned to the intervention group received the intervention, which included
normalization, reinterpreting the earthquake, creating a safe place, problem-focused coping, and increasing social support, one time in a standardized manner. In the stages of reinterpretation, creating a safe place and problem-focused coping VR technology was used and, the stages of
normalization and increasing social support were carried out with psychotherapeutic work involving one-to-one interaction between the researcher and the participant. The five-stage intervention program started to be implemented 51 days after the February 6 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes and all stages of the intervention were completed within seven days. Measurements were taken from the participants at two different times: pre-intervention pre-test and post-intervention post-test. The 17 participants in the control group (mean: 39.29, SD: 16.75) were placed on a waiting list. Data were collected using the \"Sociodemographic Information Form\", \"Posttraumatic Growth Inventory\", \"Scale for Determining the Level of Post-Earthquake Trauma\" and \"Ways of Coping Scale\".
UNASSIGNED: Before the intervention, the groups were controlled in terms of posttraumatic growth, post-earthquake trauma level, fatalistic coping, social support-seeking coping, and helplessness style coping levels and no difference was observed between them (p>0.05). After the intervention, it was found that the posttraumatic growth and social support-seeking coping scores of the earthquake survivors who received VR-supported intervention were significantly higher than the scores of the control group, and the post-earthquake trauma level, fatalistic coping and helplessness style coping scores were significantly lower than the control group scores (p<0.05). As a result of the in-group analyses, it is seen that the post-traumatic growth, social support-seeking coping and problem-focused coping scores of the intervention group participants after the VR-supported intervention increased statistically significantly compared to the pre-intervention, while the post-earthquake trauma level, fatalistic coping and helplessness style coping scores decreased statistically significantly compared to the pre-intervention (p<0.05). However, it is seen that the scores of the control group participants from all other scales of the Ways of Coping Scale, except for the fatalistic coping subscale, did not change statistically significantly (p>0.05).
UNASSIGNED: As a result of the analysis, it is seen that the VR-supported intervention program developed is effective in improving the trauma symptoms of earthquake survivors. The rapid and statistically significant reduction in the trauma levels of earthquake survivors as a result of the developed intervention shows that the relevant intervention can be applied in other trauma areas and suggested for further studies.