BACKGROUND: Immediate postoperative instillation of chemotherapy to prevent intravesical recurrence of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer is supported by level 1 evidence and recommended by contemporary guidelines. However, there have been a few reports on the feasibility and adherence of immediate postoperative chemotherapy instillation after transurethral resection. We retrospectively assessed the adherence rate of this treatment in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.
METHODS: We identified 438 patients with clinically Ta/T1 bladder cancer who underwent transurethral resection with curative intent between 2008 and 2013. We investigated the implementation of immediate postoperative instillation of chemotherapy. For those who did not receive this treatment we tried to identify the reasons for nonadministration from the clinical record and categorized them into technical, patient or other factors. We further interrogated clinicopathological characteristics associated with nonadministration.
RESULTS: Overall 193 of the 438 study patients (44.1%) did not receive immediate postoperative instillation of chemotherapy. The noninstillation rate constantly decreased with time from 58.8% to 28.0% during the study period. Deep resection was the most common reason for nonadministration. There was a statistically significant decreasing time trend for nonadministration. Multivariate analysis revealed that clinical stage T1 tumor, negative cytology and larger tumor size were independently associated with nonadministration.
CONCLUSIONS: Guideline adherence improved with time, suggesting that better education and better understanding of the guideline contributed to achieve high adherence. Deep resection was the most common reason for nonadministration, which was associated with clinically infiltrating cancer and larger tumor size.

OBJECTIVE: The recommendations cover indications for MRI examination including acquisition planes, patient preparation, imaging protocol including multi-parametric approaches such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI-MR),  dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging (DCE-MR) and standardised reporting. The document also underscores the value of whole-body 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT) and highlights potential future methods.
METHODS: In 2019, the ESUR female pelvic imaging working group reviewed the revised 2018 FIGO staging system, the up-to-date clinical management guidelines, and the recent imaging literature. The RAND-UCLA Appropriateness Method (RAM) was followed to develop the current ESUR consensus guidelines following methodological steps: literature research, questionnaire developments, panel selection, survey, data extraction and analysis.
RESULTS: The updated ESUR guidelines are recommendations based on ≥ 80% consensus among experts. If ≥ 80% agreement was not reached, the action was indicated as optional.
CONCLUSIONS: The present ESUR guidelines focus on the main role of MRI in the initial staging, response monitoring and evaluation of disease recurrence. Whole-body FDG-PET plays an important role in the detection of lymph nodes (LNs) and distant metastases.
CONCLUSIONS: • T2WI and DWI-MR are now recommended for initial staging, monitoring of response and evaluation of recurrence. • DCE-MR is optional; its primary role remains in the research setting. • T2WI, DWI-MRI and whole-body FDG-PET/CT enable comprehensive assessment of treatment response and recurrence.

The relationship between obesity and cancer is clear and is present at all times during course of the disease. The importance of obesity in increasing the risk of developing cancer is well known, and some of the most prevalent tumours (breast, colorectal, and prostate) are directly related to this risk increase. However, there is less information available on the role that obesity plays when the patient has already been diagnosed with cancer. Certain data demonstrate that in some types of cancer, obese patients tolerate the treatments more poorly. Obesity is also known to have an impact on the prognosis, favouring lower survival rates or the appearance of secondary tumours. In this consensus statement, we will analyse the scientific evidence on the role that obesity plays in patients already diagnosed with cancer, and the available data on how obesity control can improve the quality of daily life for the cancer patient.