Chronic inflammation plays an imperative role in the onset and progression of chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, cancer, allergies, and asthma. Diet can modulate different stages of inflammation since it is a rich source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Flavonoids are bioactive compounds abundantly found in various food groups such as vegetables, fruits, nuts, cereals, and beverages. Recent work on flavonoids has unveiled their potential to regulate or inhibit inflammation. This is attributed to their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and immune-modulatory properties, making flavonoids an invaluable component in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and medicinal applications. However, information related to their anti-inflammatory mechanism is still not well understood. The current review is an attempt to elaborate chemical structure, dietary sources, and anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids against allergic diseases.

Myricetin is a natural flavonoid extracted from a variety of plants, such as medicinal herbs, vegetables, berries, and tea leaves. A growing body of evidence has reported that myricetin supplementation display therapeutic activities in a lot of nervous system disorders, such as cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer\'s disease, Parkinson\'s disease, epilepsy, and glioblastoma. Myricetin supplementation can also protect against pathological changes and behavioral impairment induced by multiple sclerosis and chronic stress. On the basis of these pharmacological actions, myricetin could be developed as a potential drug for the prevention and/or treatment of nervous system disorders. Mechanistic studies have shown that inhibition of oxidative stress, cellular apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory response are common mechanisms for the neuroprotective actions of myricetin. Other mechanisms, including the activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein (CREB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ increase, inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-p38 activation, and suppression of mutant protein aggregation, may also mediate the neuroprotective effects of myricetin. Furthermore, myricetin treatment has been shown to promote the activation of the inhibitory neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which subsequently produces anti-epilepsy effects. In this review, we make a comprehensive understanding about the pharmacological effects of myricetin in the nervous system, aiming to push the development of myricetin as a novel drug for the treatment of nervous system disorders.

Prostate and bladder cancer represent the two most frequently diagnosed genito-urinary malignancies. Diet has been implicated in both prostate and bladder cancer. Given their prolonged latency and high prevalence rates, both prostate and bladder cancer represent attractive candidates for dietary preventive measures, including the use of nutritional supplements. Flavonols, a class of flavonoids, are commonly found in fruit and vegetables and are known for their protective effect against diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, a higher dietary intake of flavonols was associated with a lower risk of both bladder and prostate cancer in epidemiological studies. In this systematic review, we gathered all available evidence supporting the anti-cancer potential of selected flavonols (kaempferol, fisetin and myricetin) against bladder and prostate cancer. A total of 21, 15 and 7 pre-clinical articles on bladder or prostate cancer reporting on kaempferol, fisetin and myricetin, respectively, were found, while more limited evidence was available from animal models and epidemiological studies or clinical trials. In conclusion, the available evidence supports the potential use of these flavonols in prostate and bladder cancer, with a low expected toxicity, thus providing the rationale for clinical trials that explore dosing, settings for clinical use as well as their use in combination with other pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Myricetin is a critical nutritive component of diet providing immunological protection and beneficial for maintaining good health. It is found in fruits, vegetables, tea, and wine. The families Myricaceae, Polygonaceae, Primulaceae, Pinaceae, and Anacardiaceae are the richest sources of myricetin. Different researchers explored the therapeutic potential of this valuable constituent such as anticancer, antidiabetic, antiobesity, cardiovascular protection, osteoporosis protection, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective. In addition to these, the compound has been tested for cancer and diabetic mellitus during clinical trials. Health benefits of myricetin are related to its impact on different cell processes, such as apoptosis, glycolysis, cell cycle, energy balance, lipid level, serum protein concentrations, and osteoclastogenesis. This review explored the potential health benefits of myricetin with a specific emphasis on its mechanism of action, considering the most updated and novel findings in the field.

Myricetin(MYR) is a flavonoid compound widely found in many natural plants including bayberry. So far, MYR has been proven to have multiple biological functions and it is a natural compound with promising research and development prospects. This review comprehensively retrieved and collected the latest pharmacological abstracts on MYR, and discussed the potential molecular mechanisms of its effects. The results of our review indicated that MYR has a therapeutic effect on many diseases, including tumors of different types, inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, cerebral ischemia, diabetes, Alzheimer\'s disease and pathogenic microbial infections. Furthermore, it regulates the expression of Hippo, MAPK, GSK-3β, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, STAT3, TLR, IκB/NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, ACE, eNOS / NO, AChE and BrdU/NeuN. MYR also enhances the immunomodulatory functions, suppresses cytokine storms, improves cardiac dysfunction, possesses an antiviral potential, can be used as an adjuvant treatment against cancer, cardiovascular injury and nervous system diseases, and it may be a potential drug against COVID-19 and other viral infections. Generally, this article provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of MYR and a reference for its further use.

Myricetin, one of the most extensively studied polyphenols, is present abundantly in various fruits and vegetables and exhibits diverse pharmacological properties. The multifaceted biological action of myricetin against tumor heterogeneity makes it an impressive anticancer agent whose efficacy has been confirmed by an overwhelming number of studies. Myricetin shows its therapeutic potential by targeting and modulating the expression of various molecular target which are involved in inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Myricetin deters tumor progression by inducing apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic pathway, activating/inactivating several signaling pathways, and reactivating various tumor suppressor genes. This comprehensive review represents the effect of myricetin on various hallmarks of cancer with insight into the molecular mechanism employed by myricetin to mitigate cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and induce apoptosis. In addition, enhanced bioavailability of myricetin through conjugation and its increased efficacy as an anticancer agent when used in combination are also highlighted.