■授粉花消耗的共生体由于其稀有性而被认为是研究共同进化的示例性模型。视觉线索被认为在促进这些系统中花卉图案的进化中起着重要作用。我们从植物Wurfbainiavillosa中提出了一种新的专门授粉花消费共生关系,这是一种传统的中草药,被授粉的象鼻虫,Xenysmoderessp.
■在这项研究中,我们利用单色板进行二元选择测试,以确定象鼻虫的颜色偏好,进行了行为选择实验,使用轨迹球,拍摄鲜花和象鼻虫,并使用蓝色粘性板来吸引该领域的象鼻虫。
■在室内和室外野外系统中使用颜色优选的象鼻虫进行测试,并进行了验证实验。进行了行为测试,以调查视觉线索在W.villosa的传粉者吸引力中的作用,这是一种自兼容的昆虫授粉植物,主要依赖于Xenysmoderessp。象鼻虫因其特殊的妇科样结构而用于授粉。行为测试表明,蓝色波长为480nm和蓝色系统,和UV风格的花朵图案一样,特别是在labellum中具有特殊的类似妇科结构的部分,对雄性和雌性象鼻虫都有很大的吸引力。这些结果通过场蓝粘板捕集法得到进一步证实。
■这些发现表明W.villosa和Xenysmoderessp。象鼻虫是一种新的共生关系,涉及传粉者花的消费。此外,Wurfbainiavillosa花开发了特定的UV模式和特殊结构的视觉线索,在吸引传粉者中起着至关重要的作用。
UNASSIGNED: Pollinating flower-consuming mutualisms are considered exemplary models for studying coevolution due to their rarity. Visual cues are considered to have a major role in facilitating the evolution of floral patterns in these systems. We present a new specialized pollinating flower-consuming
mutualism from the plant Wurfbainia villosa, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, by a pollinating weevil, Xenysmoderes sp.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, We utilized monochrome plates for binary-choice tests to determine weevil color preferences, conducted behavioral choice experiments, using trackballs, photographed flowers and weevils, and employed blue sticky boards to attract weevils in the field.
UNASSIGNED: Tests were conducted using colorpreferring weevils in both indoor and outdoor field systems, and validation experiments were performed. Behavioral tests were conducted to investigate the role of the visual cues in the pollinator attraction of W. villosa, which is a selfcompatible insect-pollinated plant that relies primarily on the Xenysmoderes sp. weevil for pollination due to its specialized gynandrium-like structure. Behavioral tests demonstrated that a blue color wavelength of 480 nm and the blue color system, as along with the UV-style pattern of the flowers, particularly the parts with specialized gynandrium-like structures in the labellum, were significantly attractive to both male and female weevils. These results were further confirmed through the field blue sticky board trap method.
UNASSIGNED: These findings indicated that the interaction between W. villosa and Xenysmoderes sp. weevil was a novel symbiotic relationship involving pollinator flower consumption. Additionally, Wurfbainia villosa flowers developed specific visual cues of UV patterns and specialized structures that played a crucial role in attracting pollinators.