钩端螺旋体病是一种在兽医实践中广泛报道的传染病,是一种全球人畜共患病。在意大利东北部,已经在患病的狗中描述了钩端螺旋体的不同血清群和基因型,最常见的检测是翼龙(ICT)ST17,澳大利亚(AUS)ST24和ST198,波莫纳(POM)ST117和ST289,以及Sejroe(SEJ)ST155.然而,关于野生和同食动物钩端螺旋体环境暴露的信息很少。这项研究的目的是确定潜在储层中的循环基因型,以填补这一知识空白。在2015年至2022年之间,通过基于实时PCR的筛查测试,对公共兽医服务收集的681只动物尸体进行了钩端螺旋体分析。而阳性样本通过多位点序列分型分析进行基因分型。为了进行我们的研究,我们测试了330只刺猬,105只红狐狸,108只挪威老鼠,79只老鼠,22科伊普斯,10只银行田鼠,13只灰狼,5只普通sh和9只较大的鼠耳蝙蝠。在野生动物中还发现了狗中常见的五种序列类型(STs):刺猬中的ST24,ST198,ST17和ST155,狐狸的ST17和ST24,大鼠的ST17,小鼠的ST17和ST155,和ST117在狼中。此外,据作者所知,这是SEJST197在银行田鼠中的第一份意大利报告。此外,这项研究描述了2009年对coypus进行的一项调查(来自特伦托省的30只动物和来自帕多瓦省的41只),指血清学阳性(L.布拉迪斯拉发)未对钩端螺旋体进行任何分子检测。这项对同食动物和野生动物中钩端螺旋体的研究强调了增加我们对钩端螺旋体病及其人畜共患病风险的流行病学知识的重要性。
Leptospirosis is an infectious disease widely reported in veterinary practice and a worldwide zoonosis. In Northeastern Italy, different serogroups and genotypes of Leptospira have been described in ill dogs, the most commonly detected being Icterohaemorragiae (ICT) ST 17, Australis (AUS) ST 24 and ST 198, Pomona (POM) ST 117 and ST 289, and Sejroe (SEJ) ST 155. However, there is little information available on the environmental exposure to Leptospira of wild and synanthropic animals. The aim of this
study was to identify the circulating genotypes in potential reservoirs to fill this gap of knowledge. Between 2015 and 2022, 681 animal carcasses collected by the Public Veterinary Service were analyzed for Leptospira with a real-time PCR-based screening test, while positive samples were genotyped by multi-locus sequence typing analysis. To carry out our
study, we tested 330 hedgehogs, 105 red foxes, 108 Norway rats, 79 mice, 22 coypus, 10 bank voles, 13 grey wolves, 5 common shrews and 9 greater mouse-eared bats. Five sequence types (STs) common in dogs were also found in wild animals: ST 24, ST 198, ST 17 and ST 155 in hedgehogs, ST 17 and ST 24 in foxes, ST 17 in rats, ST 17 and ST 155 in mice, and ST 117 in a wolf. In addition, to the best of the authors\' knowledge, this is the first Italian report of SEJ ST 197 in a bank vole. Furthermore, this
study described a previous survey conducted in 2009 on coypus (30 animals from the province of Trento and 41 from the province of Padua), referring to a serological positivity (L. Bratislava) without any molecular detection of Leptospira. This
study on Leptospira in synanthropic and wild animals highlighted the importance of increasing our epidemiological knowledge of leptospirosis and its zoonotic risks.