碳材料技术提供了低成本合成的可能性,出色的性能替代贵金属催化剂长期使用。石墨烯(GDY)是具有极薄原子厚度的碳同素异形体。它由碳元素组成,与两个sp杂交。和sp2,导致多层二维(2D)配置。几个功能模型表明,GDY包含自发存在的带狄拉克极点的带结构。这是由于碳原子之间的不均匀相互作用,这是2pz子壳的各种融合和重叠的结果。与其他碳同素异形体不同,GDY有狄拉克锥安排,这反过来又赋予了它独特的理化特性。这些特性包括可调节的固有能隙,高速充电传输调制效率,和特殊的电导。许多科学家对这样的小说感兴趣,线性,堆叠材料,包括GDY。因此,一直在进行有组织的GDY合成,使其成为最早合成的GDY材料之一。有几种方法可以操纵GDY的能带结构,包括施加应力,引入硼/氮负载,利用纳米线,和氢化。GDY的柔性可以通过纳米壁的形成得到有效的证明,纳米结构,纳米管图案,纳米棒,或结构化的条带簇。GDY,作为一种碳材料,具有广泛的应用由于其显著的结构和电气特性。根据随后的研究,GDY可用于许多能源生产过程,如电化学水分解(ECWS),光电化学水分解(PECWS),氮还原反应(NRR),整体水分解(OWS),氧还原反应(ORR),储能材料,锂离子电池(LiBs)和太阳能电池的应用。这些研究表明,GDY的使用对开发和实施有效的,多模态,和具有现实应用的智能催化剂。然而,GDY和基于GDY的复合材料在即将进行的研究中的局限性同样得到承认。这些研究的目的是提供有关GDY的全面知识,并激发这些独特碳材料的进一步发展和利用。
Carbon materials technology provides the possibility of synthesizing low-cost, outstanding performance replacements to noble-metal catalysts for long-term use. Graphdiyne (GDY) is a carbon allotrope with an extremely thin atomic thickness. It consists of carbon elements, that are hybridized with both sp. and sp2, resulting in a multilayered two-dimensional (2D) configuration. Several functional models suggest, that GDY contains spontaneously existing band structure with Dirac poles. This is due to the non-uniform interaction among carbon atoms, which results from various fusions and overlapping of the 2pz subshell. Unlike other carbon allotropes, GDY has Dirac cone arrangements, that in turn give it inimitable physiochemical characteristics. These properties include an adjustable intrinsic energy gap, high speeds charging transport modulation efficiency, and exceptional conductance. Many scientists are interested in such novel, linear, stacked materials, including GDY. As a result, organized synthesis of GDY has been pursued, making it one of the first synthesized GDY materials. There are several methods to manipulate the band structure of GDY, including applying stresses, introducing boron/nitrogen loading, utilizing nanowires, and hydrogenations. The flexibility of GDY can be effectively demonstrated through the formation of nano walls, nanostructures, nanotube patterns, nanorods, or structured striped clusters. GDY, being a carbon material, has a wide range of applications owing to its remarkable structural and electrical characteristics. According to subsequent research, the GDY can be utilized in numerous energy generation processes, such as electrochemical water splitting (ECWS), photoelectrochemical water splitting (PEC WS), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), overall water splitting (OWS), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), energy storage materials, lithium-Ion batteries (LiBs) and solar cell applications. These studies suggested that the use of GDY holds significant potential for the development and implementation of efficient, multimodal, and intelligent catalysts with realistic applications. However, the limitation of GDY and GDY-based composites for forthcoming studies are similarly acknowledged. The objective of these studies is to deliver a comprehensive knowledge of GDY and inspire further advancement and utilization of these unique carbon materials.