肥胖和认知能力下降,包括痴呆和阿尔茨海默病(AD)影响着全球数百万人。一些研究表明,肥胖个体患有认知能力下降。这里,我们建议脂联素和瘦素,白色脂肪组织分泌的蛋白质激素解释了肥胖与认知能力下降的关系。我们系统地搜索了PubMed和世界卫生组织(WHO)网站的关键词肥胖和痴呆症,并汇编了解释脂联素和瘦素如何影响肥胖和认知能力下降的文献。全文,2009年后出版的PubMed上的免费访问文章已包括在内。2009年之前发表的文章,书籍,报告被排除在外。我们集中在脂联素和瘦素影响能量消耗的机制上,脂肪酸分解代谢,饱腹感,饥饿,身体质量指数(BMI),神经发生,和导致认知功能障碍发展的大脑结构。此外,我们假设脂联素和瘦素激素可以解释肥胖和痴呆之间的联系.在整理研究报告后,我们总结了脂联素和瘦素与BMI呈负相关。脂联素仲裁能量消耗和脂肪酸分解代谢以预防肥胖。在存在脂联素的情况下,海马细胞增殖,而神经发生在不存在时减少。然而,瘦素通过促进饱腹感预防肥胖,减少饥饿,增加胰岛素敏感性.它还具有神经保护作用,从而降低认知能力下降的风险。所以,体育锻炼,饮食改变,减轻体重,脂联素,应补充瘦素以防止肥胖引起的认知功能下降。因此,应该在这方面做进一步的研究。
Obesity and cognitive decline including dementia and Alzheimer\'s Disease (AD) affect millions worldwide. Several studies have shown that obese individuals suffer from cognitive decline. Here, we suggest that adiponectin and leptin, protein hormones secreted by white adipose tissue explain the relationship between obesity and cognitive decline. We systematically searched PubMed and World Health Organization (WHO) websites with the keywords obesity and dementia and compiled literature that explains how adiponectin and leptin impact obesity and cognitive decline. Full-text, free-access articles on PubMed published after 2009 have been included. Whereas articles published before 2009, books, and reports were excluded. We concentrated on mechanisms via which adiponectin and leptin affect energy expenditure, fatty acid catabolism, satiety, hunger, Body Mass Index (BMI), neurogenesis, and brain structures that lead to the development of cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, we hypothesized that adiponectin and leptin hormones explain how obesity and dementia are connected. After compiling the research studies, we summarized that adiponectin and leptin negatively correlate to BMI. Adiponectin arbitrates energy expenditure and fatty acid catabolism to prevent obesity. In the presence of adiponectin, hippocampal cells proliferate, whereas neurogenesis is reduced in its absence. However, leptin prevents obesity by promoting satiety, reducing hunger, and increasing insulin sensitivity. It also has neuroprotective effects thus reducing the risk of developing cognitive decline. So, physical exercise, diet alteration, weight reduction, adiponectin, and leptin supplementation should be carried out to protect against obesity-induced cognitive decline. Therefore, further research studies should be done in this area.