OBJECTIVE: To determine how health-related rehabilitation services have been described in recently pub-lished randomized clinical trials, using the International Classification System for Service Organization in Health-Related Rehabilitation (ICSO-R 2.0) as a framework.
METHODS: Medline was searched for English--language randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018. RCTs were eligible if the primary goal was to provide rehabilitation services to targeted patient populations. Two authors independently screened and extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of eligible trials. Descriptive analysis was used to compare service descriptions between eligible trials and the ICSO-R 2.0 framework (23 categories, 9 categories for provider, 14 categories for delivery).
RESULTS: Twenty-nine RCTs, with a wide range of organizational units and target groups, were included. The median number of categories reported in the provider dimension was 4 (range 3-5). The median number of categories reported in the service delivery dimension was 8 (range 6-12). None of the RCTs described all ICSO-R recommended categories.
CONCLUSIONS: Descriptions of service organization in rehabilitation varied widely among recently published randomized clinical trials. Use of the framework for the classification of service organization and standardization of description of services is recommended in future RCTs, to facilitate better comparisons in service research across studies.

Retinoblastoma is a malignancy of the retina that usually presents before the age of 5 years. Sporadic retinoblastoma is most often unilateral and with no hereditary influence, whereas familial retinoblastoma presents unilaterally or bilaterally in conjunction with genetic inheritance. Several treatments have been attempted with the goals of saving the child\'s life, salvaging the eye, and preserving vision. Alternative methods including external beam radiation, systemic chemotherapy and focal therapies have been shown to be effective but carry a risk of enucleation and other complications proportional to the severity of the tumor. Selective intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma began in 1988 in Japan and has emerged in the last 7 years in the United States as a feasible, effective and minimally invasive treatment option. We review the retinoblastoma treatment literature focusing on intra-arterial chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Symptoms of a neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) can vary widely among individuals and numerous clinical studies have been performed to identify the natural history and to improve treatment. The aim of this study was to identify and describe all outcome measures used in clinical studies on patients with an NBPP and categorize these outcome measures according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).
METHODS: Electronic searches of different databases were carried out. All clinical studies describing one or more outcomes of NBPP were selected. Data on outcome measures was systematically extracted and the contents were analyzed and linked to the ICF.
RESULTS: A total of 217 full texts were selected and 59 different outcome measures were identified. The 5 most frequently used outcome measures included range of motion of the shoulder (n= 166 studies, 76%), range of motion of the elbow (n= 87 studies, 40%), the Mallet scale (n= 66 studies, 30%), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (n= 37 studies, 17%) and the Medical Research Council motor grading scale (n= 31 studies, 14%). Assessments related to Body functions and Structures were most frequent, whereas assessments associated with Activities and Participation and Environmental Factors were relatively uncommon.
CONCLUSIONS: There was a high variability among the outcome measures used, with measures within the ICF component Body Functions being most common. These results underscore the need for the development and usage of outcome measures representing all domains of health status in patients with NBPP.