■世界卫生组织(WHO)将传染病定义为信息过多,准确与否,在数字和物理空间中,伴随急性健康事件,如爆发或流行病。它会影响人们的风险认知,信任,以及对卫生系统的信心,和卫生工作者。作为立即回应,世卫组织开发了传染病管理(IM)框架,研究议程,干预框架,能力,以及供卫生当局参考的过程。
■本系统评价探讨了卫生当局和其他健康组织对急性健康事件的反应。它还评估了当前干预措施的有效性。
■2023年6月26日,在线数据库搜索包括Medline(Ovid),Embase,科克伦图书馆,Scopus,认识论,和WHO网站。它只包括英语,同行评审的研究或报告涵盖由报告其有效性的卫生组织应用的IM流程。对发布日期没有限制。两名独立审核员进行了所有筛选,inclusion,和质量评估,第三位审稿人对两位审稿人之间的任何分歧进行了仲裁。
■审阅者确定了945条记录。经过最后的评估,29项研究被纳入审查,并在2021年至2023年之间发表。一些国家(巴基斯坦,也门,西班牙,意大利,香港,Japan,韩国,新加坡,英国,美国,新西兰,芬兰,韩国,和俄罗斯)将不同的IM方法应用于人们的行为。这些措施包括但不限于启动媒体和电视保护,使用网络和科学数据库搜索,发布基于科学的COVID-19信息,实施在线调查,创造一个创新的数字工具生态系统,和早期AI支持的响应与社会倾听(EARS)平台。大多数干预措施在遏制COVID-19传染病的有害影响方面都是有效的。然而,证据的质量并不可靠.
在COVID-19期间应用的大多数传染病干预措施都属于WHOIM生态系统建议的行动范围。因此,该研究表明,需要更多的研究来研究卫生系统在不同的运行环境和国家背景下在设计方面面临的挑战,实施,并评估IM干预措施,战略,政策,和系统。
The World Health Organization (WHO) defined an infodemic as an overabundance of information, accurate or not, in the digital and physical space, accompanying an acute health event such as an outbreak or epidemic. It can impact people\'s risk perceptions, trust, and confidence in the health system, and health workers. As an immediate response, the WHO developed the infodemic management (IM) frameworks, research agenda, intervention frameworks, competencies, and processes for reference by health authorities.
This systematic
review explored the response to and during acute health events by health authorities and other organizations operating in health. It also assessed the effectiveness of the current interventions.
On 26 June 2023, an online database search included Medline (Ovid), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Epistemonikos, and the WHO website. It included English-only, peer-reviewed studies or reports covering IM processes applied by health organizations that reported their effectiveness. There was no restriction on publication dates. Two independent reviewers conducted all screening, inclusion, and quality assessments, and a third reviewer arbitrated any disagreement between the two reviewers.
Reviewers identified 945 records. After a final assessment, 29 studies were included in the
review and were published between 2021 and 2023. Some countries (Pakistan, Yemen, Spain, Italy, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, United Kingdom, United States, New Zealand, Finland, South Korea, and Russia) applied different methods of IM to people\'s behaviors. These included but were not limited to launching media and TV conservations, using web and scientific database searches, posting science-based COVID-19 information, implementing online surveys, and creating an innovative ecosystem of digital tools, and an Early AI-supported response with Social Listening (EARS) platform. Most of the interventions were effective in containing the harmful effects of COVID-19 infodemic. However, the quality of the evidence was not robust.
Most of the infodemic interventions applied during COVID-19 fall within the recommended actions of the WHO IM ecosystem. As a result, the study suggests that more research is needed into the challenges facing health systems in different operational environments and country contexts in relation to designing, implementing, and evaluating IM interventions, strategies, policies, and systems.