背景:癫痫发作是中枢神经系统(CNS)的常见症状,可能由感染(如毒素)或药物引起。
目的:本研究的目的是对感染之间的关系进行系统评价。癫痫发作,和毒品。
方法:到2024年2月18日,根据PRISMA指南并基于PICO标准格式,相关,选择了深入的后续指导方法和基于证据的选项,这些选项与知识渊博的当前集合相关联,高质量的手稿
结果:由于感染引起的抑制性和兴奋性神经递质之间的失衡,药物如替卡西林,阿莫西林,苯唑西林,青霉素G,氨苄青霉素,曲马多,文拉法辛,环孢菌素,他克莫司,阿昔洛韦,cellcept,老一代的抗癫痫药物,比如卡马西平,苯妥英,和许多其他药物可引起不同阶段的中枢神经系统紊乱,从癫痫发作到脑病。感染可通过持续持续发作超过5分钟或反复发作引起危及生命的癫痫持续状态。脑膜炎,结核病,单纯疱疹,脑弓形虫病,和许多其他可能导致癫痫持续状态。事实上,混乱,脑病,据报道,药物会导致肌阵鸣,比如替卡西林,阿莫西林,苯唑西林,青霉素G,氨苄青霉素,和其他人。据报道,青霉素G具有最大的致癫痫潜能。高剂量,除了长时间使用甲硝唑,报告有癫痫感染。美罗培南可以降低丙戊酸的浓度。由于细胞色素P4503A4的抑制,克拉霉素和红霉素与卡马西平的组合需要警惕监测。
结论:由于药物代谢的变化,联合使用抗癫痫药物和抗生素可能导致癫痫发作风险增加.在脑囊虫病患者中,脑型疟疾,病毒性脑炎,细菌性脑膜炎,结核病,和人类免疫缺陷病毒,这项循证研究推荐了不同的机制来介导毒素和药物的致癫痫特性.
BACKGROUND: Seizures are a common presenting symptom of the central nervous system (CNS) and could occur from
infections (such as toxins) or drugs.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to present a systematic
review of the association between
infections, seizures, and drugs.
METHODS: Through February 18, 2024, according to the PRISMA guidelines and based on the PICO standard format, relevant, in-depth consequent guide approach and evidence-based options were selected associated with a knowledgeable collection of current, high-quality manuscripts.
RESULTS: Imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters due to
infections, drugs such as ticarcillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin, penicillin G, ampicillin, tramadol, venlafaxine, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, acyclovir, cellcept, the old generation of antiepileptic drugs, such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, and many other drugs could cause different stages of CNS disturbances ranging from seizure to encephalopathy.
Infections could cause life-threatening status epilepticus by continuous unremitting seizures lasting longer than 5 minutes or recurrent seizures. Meningitis, tuberculosis, herpes simplex, cerebral toxoplasmosis, and many others could lead to status epilepticus. In fact, confusion, encephalopathy, and myoclonus were reported with drugs, such as ticarcillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin, penicillin G, ampicillin, and others. Penicillin G was reported as having the greatest epileptogenic potential. A high dose, in addition to prolonged use of metronidazole, was reported with seizure infection. Meropenem could decrease the concentration of valproic acid. Due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4, the combination of clarithromycin and erythromycin with carbamazepine needs vigilant monitoring.
CONCLUSIONS: Due to changes in drug metabolism, co-administration of antiseizure drugs and antibiotics may lead to an enhanced risk of seizures. In patients with neurocysticercosis, cerebral malaria, viral encephalitis, bacterial meningitis, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus, the evidence-based study recommended different mechanisms mediating epileptogenic properties of toxins and drugs.