块状皮肤病,羊痘和山痘是家畜反刍动物的高影响疾病,对牛具有破坏性影响,流行地区的绵羊和山羊养殖业。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了当前的地理分布,疫情的经济影响,流行病学,卡痘病毒的传播和免疫。本文的特别重点是审查现有疫苗的使用情况,以调查资源需求和必须克服的挑战,以改善疾病控制和根除,以及开发更安全、更有效疫苗的进展。此外,讨论了疫苗效力的现场评估和痘病毒可用的基因组数据库。
Lumpy skin disease, sheeppox and
goatpox are high-impact diseases of domestic ruminants with a devastating effect on cattle, sheep and goat farming industries in endemic regions. In this article, we
review the current geographical distribution, economic impact of an outbreak, epidemiology, transmission and immunity of capripoxvirus. The special focus of the article is to scrutinize the use of currently available vaccines to investigate the resource needs and challenges that will have to be overcome to improve disease control and eradication, and progress on the development of safer and more effective vaccines. In addition, field evaluation of the efficacy of the vaccines and the genomic database available for poxviruses are discussed.