乳脂球膜(MFGM)是一种复杂的三层膜,可包裹牛奶中的脂质液滴。近年来,它因其优异的生物活性功能和营养价值而受到广泛关注。MFGM含有多种生物活性脂质,包括胆固醇,磷脂,和鞘脂,在介导MFGM的生物活性中起着关键作用。在这篇全面的综述中,我们依次总结了MFGM中的主要脂质类型,并概述了使用它们的表征方法。在这次全面审查中,我们依次描述了在MFGM中发现的主要脂质的类型,并概述了用于研究它们的表征方法.此外,我们比较了甘油磷脂之间的结构差异,鞘脂,和神经节苷脂,同时引入胆固醇促进脂筏的形成。这篇综述的重点围绕着对来自MFGM的脂质分离物的当前研究的广泛评估,以及含有MFGM脂质的产品,关于它们对人类健康的影响。值得注意的是,我们强调包含大量参与者的临床试验.总结了MFGM脂质的生物活性功能,涵盖了人类生长和发育的调节,对肠道健康的影响,抑制胆固醇吸收,提高运动能力,和抗癌作用。通过提供全面的概述,这篇综述的目的是为MFGM中脂质表现出的多种生物活性功能提供有价值的见解。
The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a complex tri-layer membrane that wraps droplets of lipids in milk. In recent years, it has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent bioactive functions and nutritional value. MFGM contains a diverse array of bioactive lipids, including cholesterol, phospholipids, and sphingolipids, which play pivotal roles in mediating the bioactivity of the MFGM. We sequentially summarize the main lipid types in the MFGM in this comprehensive
review and outline the characterization methods used to employ them. In this comprehensive
review, we sequentially describe the types of major lipids found in the MFGM and outline the characterization methods employed to study them. Additionally, we compare the structural disparities among glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and gangliosides, while introducing the formation of lipid rafts facilitated by cholesterol. The focus of this
review revolves around an extensive evaluation of the current research on lipid isolates from the MFGM, as well as products containing MFGM lipids, with respect to their impact on human health. Notably, we emphasize the clinical trials encompassing a large number of participants. The summarized bioactive functions of MFGM lipids encompass the regulation of human growth and development, influence on intestinal health, inhibition of cholesterol absorption, enhancement of exercise capacity, and anticancer effects. By offering a comprehensive overview, the aim of this
review is to provide valuable insights into the diverse biologically active functions exhibited by lipids in the MFGM.