先前的研究表明,多组分干预可以改善儿童的进餐频率和饮食习惯,但是年轻人的证据是有限的。这项研究评估了健康高中(HHS)干预对每日早餐摄入量的影响,午餐,水,水果,和蔬菜在9个月的随访。
该研究包括丹麦高中一年级学生(约16岁)。参与的学校被随机分为HHS干预组(N=15)或对照组(照常操作)(N=15)。该干预措施旨在通过关注包括膳食在内的健康习惯来促进福祉(主要结果)。压力预防,和强大的同伴关系。它包括一个课程,结构和组织举措,一个车间,和智能手机应用程序。学生在学年开始和九个月后完成了自我管理的在线问卷。考虑到数据的聚类,我们使用多水平逻辑回归分析来估计比值比(OR).我们应用了一种意向治疗方法,对缺失数据进行了多次填补。
在基线时,5201名学生中有4577人回答了问卷,在随访时回答了4512人。在两组中,从基线到随访,吃早餐的学生比例从大约50%下降到40%。午餐频率从大约50%下降到47%。每日水摄入量,从基线到随访,新鲜水果和蔬菜的摄入量保持不变。在首次随访时,两组之间的任何结果均无显着差异:早餐:OR=0.85(95%CI:0.65;1.10),午餐:OR=0.96(95%CI:0.75;1.22),水摄入量:OR=1.14(95%CI:0.92;1.40),新鲜水果摄入量:(OR=1.07,95%CI:0.84;1.37),蔬菜:(OR=1.01,95%CI:0.77;1.33)。
没有发现HHS干预对任何结果有影响的证据。未来的研究有必要探索如何将健康促进干预措施整合到继续教育中以支持教育目标。此外,如何使干预措施适合年轻人的生活和愿望,还包括学校环境之外的系统。
ISRCTN,ISRCTN43284296。2017年4月28日注册-追溯注册。
Previous studies have shown that multicomponent interventions may improve meal frequency and eating habits in children, but evidence among young people is limited. This
study evaluated the effect of the Healthy High School (HHS) intervention on daily intake of breakfast, lunch, water, fruit, and vegetables at 9-month follow-up.
The
study included first-year students (≈16 years) attending high school in Denmark. Participating schools were randomized into the HHS intervention (N = 15) or control group (operating as usual) (N = 15). The intervention was designed to promote well-being (primary outcome) by focusing on healthy habits including meals, stress prevention, and strong peer relations. It included a curriculum, structural and organisational initiatives, a workshop, and a smartphone application. Students completed self-administered online questionnaires at the beginning of the school year and nine months later. To account for clustering of data, we used multilevel logistic regression analyses to estimate odds ratios (OR). We applied an intention-to-treat approach with multiple imputations of missing data.
At baseline 4577 of 5201 students answered the questionnaire and 4512 at follow-up. In both groups the proportion of students eating breakfast decreased from approximately 50% to 40% from baseline to follow-up, and lunch frequency decreased from approximately 50% to 47%. Daily water intake, intake of fresh fruit and intake of vegetables remained unchanged from baseline to follow-up. There were no significant between group differences on any of the outcomes at first follow-up: breakfast: OR = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.65;1.10), lunch: OR = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.75;1.22), water intake: OR = 1.14 (95% CI: 0.92;1.40), intake of fresh fruit: (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.84;1.37), vegetables: (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.77;1.33).
No evidence of an effect of the HHS intervention was found for any of the outcomes. Future studies are warranted to explore how health promoting interventions can be integrated in further education to support educational goals. Moreover, how to fit interventions to the lives and wishes of young people, by also including systems outside of the school setting.
ISRCTN, ISRCTN43284296 . Registered 28 April 2017 - retrospectively registered.