在一些国家，由于对母乳含量的需求和女性肝脏储备有限，哺乳期女性维生素A（VA）缺乏的风险增加。以前,食用三重强化大米，其中包括VA，铁,还有锌,成功改善了泰国儿童的VA状况，他们的全身VA存储（TBS）在2个月内翻了一番。
这项研究评估了食用VA强化大米的功效，提供500微克视黄醇活性当量（RAE）/d，使用视黄醇同位素稀释（RID）测试对泰国哺乳期妇女的TBS和估计的总肝脏VA储备（TLRs）。
对70名哺乳期妇女（n=35/组）进行了一项随机对照试验，这些妇女仅在工作日接受VA强化大米（500µgRAEs/d）或未强化大米14周。血清视黄醇浓度（SRs），C反应蛋白,和TBS在干预前后进行评估。配对13C-RID试验用于测量TBS。基线血液样本后，口服2.0μmol[14,15]-13C2-视黄酯乙酸酯。14d后抽取随访血样。干预后重复RID测试。
干预组的TBS显着增加（P<0.05），从240（182，316）增加到331（251，447）[几何平均值（95％CIs）]µmol视黄醇，TBS的这种变化明显高于对照组[+52.9(-74,453)和-4.3(-106,275)µmol视黄醇](P<0.05)。估计的TLRs表明这些哺乳期妇女中VA缺乏症的患病率很高。初始和最终SRs在组间没有差异，并且在干预过程中没有变化。
VA强化水稻通过增加TBS改善了哺乳期妇女的VA状况。在某些情况下，应考虑采取有针对性的方法在弱势群体中传播VA干预措施。该试验在clinicaltrials.gov注册为NCT03056625。
Lactating women are at increased risk for vitamin A (VA) deficiency due to demands for breast milk content and limited hepatic stores for women in some countries. Previously, consumption of triple-fortified rice, which included VA, iron, and zinc, successfully improved the VA status of Thai children in whom their total body VA stores (TBSs) were doubled in 2 mo.
This
study assessed the efficacy of consuming VA-fortified rice, which delivered 500 µg retinol activity equivalents (RAEs)/d, on TBSs and estimated total liver VA reserves (TLRs) in Thai lactating women using the retinol isotope dilution (RID) test.
A randomized controlled
trial was conducted with 70 lactating women (n = 35/group) who received either VA-fortified rice (500 µg RAEs/d) or unfortified rice for 14 wk on weekdays only. Serum retinol concentrations (SRs), C-reactive protein, and TBSs were assessed before and after the intervention. The paired 13C-RID test was used to measure TBSs. After a baseline blood sample, 2.0 µmol [14,15]-13C2-retinyl acetate was administered orally. A follow-up blood sample was drawn 14 d later. The RID test was repeated after the intervention.
TBSs increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the intervention group from 240 (182, 316) to 331 (251, 447) [geometric means (95% CIs)] µmol retinol, and this change in TBSs was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in the control group [+52.9 (-74, 453) compared with -4.3 (-106, 275) µmol retinol]. Estimated TLRs indicated a high prevalence of VA deficiency among these lactating women. Initial and final SRs did not differ by group and did not change over the course of the intervention.
VA-fortified rice improved the VA status of lactating women by increasing TBSs. A targeted approach to disseminate VA interventions among vulnerable groups should be considered in some contexts. This
trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03056625.
