背景:很少有研究评估消防员子女的出生缺陷。我们调查了出生缺陷与消防员父亲工作之间的关系,与非消防和警察职业的工作相比。
方法:我们分析了来自多站点病例对照国家出生缺陷预防研究的1997-2011年数据。病例包括具有主要结构性出生缺陷的胎儿或婴儿,对照组包括没有主要出生缺陷的活产婴儿的随机样本。婴儿的母亲自我报告有关父母在怀孕期间从事的职业的信息。我们使用逻辑回归估计优势比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI),调查了父亲消防和出生缺陷组之间的关联。不同的群体包括报告父亲从事非消防工作和警察工作的家庭。
结果:职业群体包括227名消防员,36,285名非消防员,433名警察。分析了29例出生缺陷。在调整后的分析中,患有完全性肺静脉回流异常的儿童的父亲(TAPVR;OR=3.1;95%CI=1.1-8.7),腭裂(OR=1.8;95%CI=1.0-3.3),唇裂(OR=2.2;95%CI=1.2-4.2),与对照组的父亲相比,横肢缺陷(OR=2.2;95%CI=1.1-4.7)更有可能成为消防员,与非消防员相比。在警察参考分析中,腭裂患儿的父亲成为消防员的可能性是对照组父亲的2.4倍(95%CI=1.1-5.4).
结论:父亲的消防可能与后代出生缺陷的风险增加有关。需要更多的研究来重复这些发现。进一步的研究可能有助于更好地了解消防员及其家人的生殖健康,以指导工作场所的做法。
Few studies have evaluated birth defects among children of firefighters. We investigated associations between birth defects and paternal work as a firefighter compared to work in non-
firefighting and police officer occupations.
We analyzed 1997-2011 data from the multi-site case-control National Birth Defects Prevention
Study. Cases included fetuses or infants with major structural birth defects and controls included a random sample of live-born infants without major birth defects. Mothers of infants self-reported information about parents\' occupations held during pregnancy. We investigated associations between paternal
firefighting and birth defect groups using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Referent groups included families reporting fathers working non-
firefighting and police officer jobs.
Occupational groups included 227 firefighters, 36,285 non-firefighters, and 433 police officers. Twenty-nine birth defects were analyzed. In adjusted analyses, fathers of children with total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR; OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.1-8.7), cleft palate (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.0-3.3), cleft lip (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.2-4.2), and transverse limb deficiency (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.7) were more likely than fathers of controls to be firefighters, versus non-firefighters. In police-referent analyses, fathers of children with cleft palate were 2.4 times more likely to be firefighters than fathers of controls (95% CI = 1.1-5.4).
Paternal
firefighting may be associated with an elevated risk of birth defects in offspring. Additional studies are warranted to replicate these findings. Further research may contribute to a greater understanding of the reproductive health of firefighters and their families for guiding workplace practices.