背景:Wnt/β-catenin信号传导障碍占大肠癌(CRC)的85%,包括散发性和家族性腺瘤性息肉病(FAP)设置。改变的PI3K/mTOR途径和肠道微生物群也有助于CRC癌变。我们研究了两种途径之间的相互作用以及CRC致癌作用的每个步骤中的微生物群组成。
方法:通过RT-qPCR和IHC分析了健康粪便免疫化学试验阳性的组织中两种途径的蛋白质和靶基因(FIT,n=17),FAP(n=17)和CRC(n=15)受试者。通过NGS和Sanger分析CRC相关突变。Oral,通过16SrRNA测序对粪便和粘膜微生物群进行了分析。
结果:我们发现与CRC相比,FAP病变中Wnt/β-catenin和PI3K/mTOR通路同时过度激活。在FAP粪便菌群中,Wnt/β-catenin分子标记与梭状芽胞杆菌_sensu_stricto_1呈正相关,与拟杆菌呈负相关。Alistipes,落叶松科,反刍动物科富含FAP粪便和腺瘤,后者也显示出过多的幼虫,与cMYC呈正相关。在受损的mTOR突变的CRC组织中,p-S6R与梭杆菌和Dialister相关,后者在粪便生态系统中也得到了证实。
结论:我们的研究揭示了Wnt/β-catenin和PI3K/mTOR之间的相互作用,其排列紊乱与FAP和CRC患者的特定微生物群特征相关,并确定新的潜在生物标志物和目标,以改善CRC预防,早期腺瘤的检测和治疗。
BACKGROUND: Wnt/β-catenin signalling impairment accounts for 85% of colorectal cancers (CRCs), including sporadic and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) settings. An altered PI3K/mTOR pathway and gut microbiota also contribute to CRC carcinogenesis. We studied the interplay between the two pathways and the microbiota composition within each step of CRC carcinogenesis.
METHODS: Proteins and target genes of both pathways were analysed by RT-qPCR and IHC in tissues from healthy faecal immunochemical test positive (FIT+, n = 17), FAP (n = 17) and CRC (n = 15) subjects. CRC-related mutations were analysed through NGS and Sanger. Oral, faecal and mucosal microbiota was profiled by 16 S rRNA-sequencing.
RESULTS: We found simultaneous hyperactivation of Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/mTOR pathways in FAP-lesions compared to CRCs. Wnt/β-catenin molecular markers positively correlated with Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and negatively with Bacteroides in FAP faecal microbiota. Alistipes, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae were enriched in FAP stools and adenomas, the latter also showing an overabundance of Lachnoclostridium, which positively correlated with cMYC. In impaired-mTOR-mutated CRC tissues, p-S6R correlated with Fusobacterium and Dialister, the latter also confirmed in the faecal-ecosystem.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals an interplay between Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/mTOR, whose derangement correlates with specific microbiota signatures in FAP and CRC patients, and identifies new potential biomarkers and targets to improve CRC prevention, early adenoma detection and treatment.