■非正式护理是医疗系统的重要组成部分,尽管非正式护理者的健康和福祉受到许多影响。在护理职责和健康结果方面的种族和性别差异得到了充分记录。基于地点的因素,例如邻里条件和城乡地位,越来越多的人认识到促进和缓解健康差距。然而,基于地点的因素与种族和性别差异相互作用的可能性,因为它们与护理属性共同和不同地相关,目前还没有得到很好的证实。因此,这项研究的主要目的是通过种族/民族共同评估照顾者健康和照顾经验方面的差异,性别,和城乡地位。
■该研究是对来自疾病控制与预防中心的2021年和2022年行为风险因素监测系统(BRFSS)的数据进行的二次分析。多变量逻辑回归或泊松回归模型评估了按种族/民族分类的人口统计学群体在照顾者属性和健康测量方面的差异。性别,和城乡地位。
■来自农村县的受访者更有可能报告健康状况较差或一般(23.2%与18.5%),有肥胖症(41.5%与37.1%),并且平均合并症数量高于城市护理人员。总的来说,农村黑人男性看护者报告健康状况较差或一般的可能性比白人男性看护者高43%(OR1.43,95%CI1.21,1.69).与农村白人男性相比,所有种族的城市女性护理人员为阿尔茨海默病患者提供护理的可能性明显更高(p<0.001)。此外,在种族/民族*性别*农村-城市地位亚组中,有细微差别的护理属性模式,特别是关于护理强度和护理时间。
研究结果强调需要开发和实施量身定制的方法来减轻护理人员的负担,并解决不同人群护理人员的细微差别需求。
UNASSIGNED: Informal caregiving is a critical component of the healthcare system despite numerous impacts on informal caregivers\' health and well-being. Racial and gender disparities in caregiving duties and health outcomes are well documented. Place-based factors, such as neighborhood conditions and rural-urban status, are increasingly being recognized as promoting and moderating health disparities. However, the potential for place-based factors to interact with racial and gender disparities as they relate to caregiving attributes jointly and differentially is not well established. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to jointly assess the variability in caregiver health and aspects of the caregiving experience by race/ethnicity, sex, and rural-urban status.
UNASSIGNED: The study is a secondary analysis of data from the 2021 and 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multivariable logistic regression or Poisson regression models assessed differences in caregiver attributes and health measures by demographic group categorized by race/ethnicity, sex, and rural-urban status.
UNASSIGNED: Respondents from rural counties were significantly more likely to report poor or fair health (23.2% vs. 18.5%), have obesity (41.5% vs. 37.1%), and have a higher average number of comorbidities than urban caregivers. Overall, rural Black male caregivers were 43% more likely to report poor or fair health than White male caregivers (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.21, 1.69). Urban female caregivers across all racial groups had a significantly higher likelihood of providing care to someone with Alzheimer\'s disease than rural White males (p < 0.001). Additionally, there were nuanced patterns of caregiving attributes across race/ethnicity*sex*rural-urban status subgroups, particularly concerning caregiving intensity and length of caregiving.
UNASSIGNED: Study findings emphasize the need to develop and implement tailored approaches to mitigate caregiver burden and address the nuanced needs of a diverse population of caregivers.