■囊性包虫病(CE)是由细粒棘球蚴(EG)引起的一种普遍被忽视的人畜共患疾病,全球控制负担达数十亿美元。E.granulosus\'生命周期涉及确定性,中间,和人类作为死胡同的宿主。棘球蚴病控制程序使用专注于任何这些宿主的策略。我们旨在提供全球EG控制干预措施的全面和最新概述。
■我们根据Arksey和O\'Malley框架绘制了关于EG控制干预措施的所有研究,进行了范围审查。我们筛选了确定的文章,并对选定的论文进行图表和编码。我们根据目标主机对数据进行分类,研究类型,和控制机制。我们描述了疗效或安全性结果,以及干预的相关障碍/促进者。进行了批判性评估。
■从7,853项筛选研究中,我们分析了45:7以人类干预为中心,21关于动物,17在两个对人类的研究集中在教育策略和人类CE监测上。对动物的研究是田间试验,并且大多数基于用于狗的吡喹酮(PZQ)。研究集中在动物和人类身上,总的来说,更多的参与者,持续时间更长,覆盖更大的地理区域。总的来说,研究质量为中等至较低.
■现有证据表明,针对动物和人类的长期干预措施可以显着减少EG传播,特别是当包括对狗的PZQ治疗时。更高质量的证据,方法的标准化,更好地报告干预后的结果对于得出更有力的结论是必要的。需要进一步的证据来评估控制措施的可持续性和可扩展性。尽管如此,综合“一个健康”方法对于克服与持续长期控制棘球蚴病相关的多重挑战至关重要。
■RCN得到了国家过敏和传染病研究所的支持(批准号。K01AI139284和R01AI168291)。LOC,JAB,RCN得到了福格蒂国际中心的支持(批准号D43TW012741)。
囊性包虫病是由寄生虫细粒棘球蚴引起的疾病。这种寄生虫可以在所有大陆的特定地区找到,特别是在贫困地区,增加成本和损失。一些国家已经实现了控制,但大多数仍在这个过程中。我们的评论提供了我们目前对这些控制策略的了解的清晰画面,并指出了需要进行更多研究的地方。它强调了研究结果如何通过显示最有效的方法来改善控制实践并解决实际挑战。审查还指出了当前知识的差距,并建议比较不同的控制方法可以帮助找到最有效和最具成本效益的解决方案。需要注意的关键领域包括增加对包虫病的支持和资金,因为这种疾病经常被忽视。需要更多来自不同领域的研究来更好地理解和管理疾病的复杂性。更好和持续的监控对于维持有效的控制策略至关重要。最后,需要综合审查,汇集不同研究的结果,以确定什么最有效,改进和结合未来的控制努力。
UNASSIGNED: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a widespread neglected zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (EG) with a global burden of control in the billions of dollars. E. granulosus\' life cycle involves definitive, intermediate, and humans as dead-end hosts. Echinococcosis control programs use strategies that focus on any of these hosts. We aimed to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the EG control interventions worldwide.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a scoping review by mapping all studies on interventions for EG control following the Arksey and O\'Malley Framework. We screened identified articles, and charted and coded selected papers. We classified the data based on target host, type of study, and control mechanism. We described the efficacy or safety outcomes, and the associated barriers/facilitators for the intervention. Critical appraisal was conducted.
UNASSIGNED: From 7,853 screened studies, we analyzed 45: seven centered on human interventions, 21 on animals, and 17 on both. Studies on humans focused on educational strategies and human CE monitoring. The studies on animals were field trials and most were based on Praziquantel (PZQ) for dogs. Studies focused on both animals and humans had, in general, more participants, lasted longer, and covered larger geographical areas. Overall, the quality of studies was moderate to low.
UNASSIGNED: Available evidence suggests that long-term interventions aimed at both animals and humans can achieve significant reduction in EG transmission, particularly when PZQ treatment for dogs is included. Higher quality evidence, standardization of methodologies, and better reporting on post-intervention outcomes are necessary for drawing stronger conclusions. Further evidence is needed to assess the sustainability and scalability of control measures. Nonetheless, an integrative One Health approach is essential for overcoming the multiple challenges associated with sustaining long-term control efforts for Echinococcosis.