认知偏差修正(CBM)越来越多地用于针对与内在化或外在化问题相关的认知偏差,这在神经发育障碍(NDD)中很常见。本系统评价评估了在患有NDD的儿童和年轻人中使用CBM的现有证据。特别是关于模糊的人际信息,以及他们被排除在这类干预研究之外的程度。PsycINFO,心术,MEDLINE,使用MeSH术语和“神经发育障碍”的同义词咨询了Cochrane中央对照试验注册和科学引文索引,“心理健康问题”,“认知偏见”,\"修改\"和\"审阅\"。数据提取侧重于CBM对NDD的功效,CBM是如何交付的,研究是否采用了与NDD相关的排除标准以及采用这些标准的理由.搜索确定了2270条记录,其中29项研究评估了CBM的解释,并纳入了定性综合。三项研究针对NDD的偏倚,而三分之一的研究明确排除了基于NDD相关标准的参与者:最常见的智力障碍,阅读或学习困难和自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)。只有一项研究提供了排除NDD的理由,这与他们干预的阅读要求有关。有初步证据表明,使用CBM减少轻度智力残疾儿童和年轻人的解释偏见的可行性,ASD或注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)。我们建议CBM研究应考虑将NDD参与者包括在内,使用启用该组包含的CBM任务和调整,或为他们的排除提供充分的理由。
Cognitive bias modification (CBM) is increasingly used to target cognitive biases related to internalising or externalising problems, which are common in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). This systematic
review assesses the available evidence for using CBM in children and young people with NDD, in particular regarding ambiguous interpersonal information, and the extent of their exclusion from this type of intervention research. PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Science Citation Index were consulted using MeSH terms and synonyms of \"neurodevelopmental disorders\", \"mental health problems\", \"cognitive bias\", \"modification\" and \"
review\". Data extraction focused on the efficacy of CBM for NDD, how CBM was delivered, whether studies adopted exclusion criteria relating to NDD and the rationale for such criteria. The search identified 2270 records, of which twenty-nine studies assessed CBM for interpretations and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Three studies targeted bias in NDD, whereas a third of studies explicitly excluded participants based on NDD-related criteria: most frequently intellectual impairment, reading or learning difficulties and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Only one study provided a rationale for excluding NDD which related to the reading demands of their intervention. There is tentative evidence for the feasibility of using CBM to reduce interpretation bias in children and young people with mild intellectual disability, ASD or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recommend that CBM research should consider including participants with NDD, use CBM tasks and adaptations that enable this group\'s inclusion, or provide a sufficient rationale for their exclusion.