肌腱通过连接肌肉和骨骼对关节运动至关重要。随着肌腱损伤发生率的增加,肌腱疾病会给患者的生活质量或运动员的职业生涯带来负担。目前的治疗包括手术重建和保守治疗。尤其是老年人,肌腱恢复需要很长的时间,这可能会导致不满意的结果。细胞介导的肌腱工程是一个快速发展的实验和临床前领域,这对现有的医疗方法具有巨大的潜力。选择合适的细胞来源是关键的并且仍在研究中。真皮成纤维细胞与肌腱细胞表现出多种相似性,表明它们可能是肌腱工程的有前途的细胞来源。因此,这篇综述文章的目的是简要的,比较肌腱和真皮组织,并总结了真皮成纤维细胞张力分化的体外研究。此外,对开源基因表达综合(GEO)数据库进行了分析,揭示了两种细胞类型的分子谱的巨大重叠。最后,总结了在肌腱修复中使用真皮成纤维细胞的体内研究以及该领域的初步临床研究。总之,真皮成纤维细胞具有治疗潜力,是重建受损肌腱的有吸引力的细胞。
Tendons are vital to joint movement by connecting muscles to bones. Along with an increasing incidence of tendon injuries, tendon disorders can burden the quality of life of patients or the career of athletes. Current treatments involve surgical reconstruction and conservative therapy. Especially in the elderly population, tendon recovery requires lengthy periods and it may result in unsatisfactory outcome. Cell-mediated tendon engineering is a rapidly progressing experimental and pre-clinical field, which holds great potential for an alternative approach to established medical treatments. The selection of an appropriate cell source is critical and remains under investigation. Dermal fibroblasts exhibit multiple similarities to tendon cells, suggesting they may be a promising cell source for tendon engineering. Hence, the purpose of this
review article was in brief, to compare tendon to dermis tissues, and summarize in vitro studies on tenogenic differentiation of dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, analysis of an open source Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data repository was carried out, revealing great overlap in the molecular profiles of both cell types. Lastly, a summary of in vivo studies employing dermal fibroblasts in tendon repair as well as pilot clinical studies in this area is included. Altogether, dermal fibroblasts hold therapeutic potential and are attractive cells for rebuilding injured tendons.