疣状囊肿是临床上无法与表皮包涵囊肿区分的罕见类型,需要组织病理学分析和人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)聚合酶链反应(PCR)才能准确诊断。疣状囊肿的发病机制被认为与HPV感染有关,无论是现有的囊肿或通过直接感染角质形成细胞,导致新的囊肿形成.虽然疣状囊肿可以影响任何性别的个体,并且通常在躯干上发现,四肢,和脸,特别值得注意的是它们与高危HPV类型的潜在关联,如16和18,这可能导致恶性转化。在这份报告中,我们介绍了一个有子宫内膜异位症和盆腔炎病史的48岁女性病例,她寻求评估她右侧腹部持续的皮下结节。病人报告疼痛,最近的颜色变化,和结节大小的增加。临床检查发现一个2.7厘米的皮下结节,中央棕灰色丘疹。尽管没有皮肤恶性肿瘤的病史,结节被切除,随后的组织病理学检查证实了疣状囊肿破裂的诊断。囊肿表现为棘皮乳头状鳞状上皮,无细胞学异型和细胞中的空细胞改变。这个案例提供了对临床表现的直接和有价值的见解,诊断,和疣状囊肿的管理。它强调了彻底诊断方法的重要性,结合组织病理学检查与HPVPCR检测,准确区分疣状囊肿和其他类似的皮肤病变。该报告还强调,由于这些囊肿与高危HPV类型的潜在关联以及随之而来的恶性转化风险,因此在管理这些囊肿时需要保持警惕。这些见解对现有的疣状囊肿文献做出了重要贡献,旨在提高皮肤科的临床意识和患者护理。
Verrucous cysts are uncommon types that cannot be distinguished from epidermal inclusion cysts clinically and require histopathological analysis and human papillomavirus (HPV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for accurate diagnosis. The pathogenesis of verrucous cysts is thought to involve HPV infection, either of an existing cyst or through direct infection of keratinocytes, leading to new cyst formation. While verrucous cysts can affect individuals of any sex and are typically found on the trunk, extremities, and face, they are particularly notable for their potential association with high-risk HPV types, such as 16 and 18, which may lead to malignant transformation. In this report, we present the
case of a 48-year-old female with a history of endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease, who sought evaluation for a persistent subcutaneous nodule on her right flank. The patient reported pain, a recent color change, and an increase in the nodule size. Clinical examination revealed a 2.7 cm subcutaneous nodule with a central brown-gray papule. Despite no history of dermatologic malignancies, the nodule was excised, and subsequent histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of a ruptured verrucous cyst. The cyst exhibited acanthotic papillomatous squamous epithelium without cytologic atypia and koilocytic change in cells. This
case offers direct and valuable insights into the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of verrucous cysts. It highlights the importance of a thorough diagnostic approach, combining histopathological examination with HPV PCR testing, to accurately differentiate verrucous cysts from other similar cutaneous lesions. The report also emphasizes the need for vigilance in managing these cysts due to their potential association with high-risk HPV types and the consequent risk of malignant transformation. These insights contribute significantly to the existing body of literature on verrucous cysts and aim to enhance clinical awareness and patient care in dermatology.