背景:占中学人口绝大多数的青少年正处于受痤疮影响很大的阶段。这个条件,这是广泛可见和容易被同行识别,围绕它有许多误解,这可能会影响人们对受影响的人的态度。关于痤疮的患病率以及乔斯的青少年如何,尼日利亚,查看条件。
目的:本研究旨在确定痤疮的患病率,感知的风险因素,以及乔斯青少年自我报告的准确性,尼日利亚。该研究还试图了解这个年龄组对痤疮的看法。
方法:这项描述性横断面研究是在乔斯的私立和公立中学就读的青少年中进行的,尼日利亚。总的来说,通过多阶段分层随机抽样方法招募了482名学生。自制半结构化问卷用于收集痤疮病史的信息,对原因的看法,以及对有条件的人的态度。检查所有参与者是否存在痤疮。单变量,双变量,和多变量分析使用SPSS(版本26;IBMCorp)进行。
结果:自我报告的痤疮患病率为44%,临床检查为55%。自我报告显示与临床诊断有中等程度的一致性(Cohenκ=57.3%;P<.001)。总体上,痤疮存在的预测因素是年龄≥15岁(比值比[OR]1.79,95%CI1.12-2.87;P=0.02),在私立学校(OR2.17,95%CI1.38-3.42;P=.001),处于高中阶段(OR2.14,95%CI1.32-3.47;P=0.002)。女性性别(OR3.03,95%CI1.64-5.61;P=0.001)和宗教(OR3.24,95%CI1.27-8.24;P=0.02)仅在年龄<15岁的青少年中预测痤疮,而在年龄≥15岁的人群中,阳性家族史具有预测价值(OR2.04,95%CI1.15-3.61;P=.02)。观察到围绕痤疮的独特感知和态度模式,作为一个显著的比例(84/131,64.1%vs47/131,35.9%;P=.02)的痤疮与生物学现象相关的人有痤疮本身;然而,认为痤疮是由美白治疗引起的,在无痤疮患者中(19/28,67.9%)明显多于有痤疮患者(9/28,32.1%;P=.01).四分之一的青少年(n=122,25.3%)不知道痤疮的可能原因。
结论:尽管痤疮是尼日利亚青少年中普遍存在的皮肤病,许多误解和不利的态度围绕痤疮和受影响的人。我们的发现表明,需要与学校健康计划合作,对普通青少年人群进行痤疮教育,指和管理青少年痤疮。
BACKGROUND: Adolescents who make up a vast majority of the secondary school population are at a stage at which they are largely affected by acne. This condition, which is widely visible and easily recognized by peers, has numerous misperceptions surrounding it, which may influence attitudes toward people affected by it. There is a paucity of information on the prevalence of acne and how adolescents in Jos, Nigeria, view the condition.
OBJECTIVE: This
study aimed to determine the prevalence of acne, perceived risk factors, and the accuracy of self-report among adolescents in Jos, Nigeria. The
study also sought to understand perceptions surrounding acne in this age group.
METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional
study was conducted among adolescents attending private and public secondary schools in Jos, Nigeria. In total, 482 students were recruited through a multistaged stratified random sampling method. A self-administered semistructured questionnaire was used to collect information on history of acne, perceptions of causes, and the attitude toward those who have the condition. All participants were examined for the presence of acne. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis were conducted using SPSS (version 26; IBM Corp).
RESULTS: The self-reported prevalence of acne was 44% and that upon clinical examination was 55%. Self-report showed a moderate degree of agreement with clinical diagnosis (Cohen κ=57.3%; P<.001). Predictive factors for the presence of acne in general were age of ≥15 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.79, 95% CI 1.12-2.87; P=.02), being in a private school (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.38-3.42; P=.001), and being in a senior secondary class (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.32-3.47; P=.002). The female gender (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.64-5.61; P=.001) and religion (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.27-8.24; P=.02) were predictive for acne only among adolescents aged <15 years, while a positive family history was predictive in those aged ≥15 years (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.15-3.61; P=.02). A distinct perception and attitude pattern surrounding acne was observed, as a significant proportion (84/131, 64.1% vs 47/131, 35.9%; P=.02) of those who related acne to a biological phenomenon had acne themselves; however, the belief that acne is caused by skin lightening practices was significantly more common in those without acne (19/28, 67.9%) than in those with acne (9/28, 32.1%; P=.01). One-fourth of the adolescents (n=122, 25.3%) had no idea of the possible causes of acne.
CONCLUSIONS: Though acne is a prevalent skin condition among Nigerian adolescents, many misperceptions and unfavorable attitudes surround acne and persons affected by the condition. Our findings have revealed the need to work with the school health program to educate the general adolescent population about acne, to refer and manage teenagers with acne.