■在过去的四十年里,精神保健已经转向更多的康复,并遵循对患有严重精神疾病(SMI)的人的康复更人性化和全面的愿景。因此,国际上已经开发了许多基于社区的精神保健计划和服务。目前,社区精神保健仍在发展中,重点是进一步纳入有长期心理健康问题的人。在这次审查中,我们的目标是提供现有和即将到来的社区精神保健方法的全面概述,以发现社区精神保健的成分的当前愿景。
■我们通过系统地搜索四个数据库进行了范围审查,补充研究兔的结果,手动搜索参考文献列表和10卷两本主要期刊。我们纳入了对SMI成年人的研究,重点是刺激独立生活,综合护理,recovery,以及2011年1月至2022年12月在同行评审期刊上以英文发表的社会包容。
■搜索结果是56篇符合纳入标准的论文。主题分析揭示了12个领域的要素:多学科团队;组织内外的合作;关注健康的几个方面;支持充分的公民身份;关注日常生活的恢复;与社交网络的合作;量身定制的支持;训练有素的工作人员;使用数字技术;住房和生活环境;可持续政策和资金;和互惠关系。
■我们发现了12种成分,包括一些关于互惠和可持续政策和资金的创新主题。人们非常关注良好的社区精神保健的个人成分,但是对它们在当代的整合和实施知之甚少,分散的精神保健服务。对于未来的研究,我们建议对社区精神保健进行更多的实证研究,以及从社会服务角度的进一步调查,并对SMI和门诊支持的一般术语进行了扎实的研究。
UNASSIGNED: For the last four decades, there has been a shift in mental healthcare toward more rehabilitation and following a more humanistic and comprehensive vision on recovery for persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Consequently, many community-based mental healthcare programs and services have been developed internationally. Currently, community mental healthcare is still under development, with a focus on further inclusion of persons with enduring mental health problems. In this
review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of existing and upcoming community mental healthcare approaches to discover the current vision on the ingredients of community mental healthcare.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a scoping
review by systematically searching four databases, supplemented with the results of Research Rabbit, a hand-search in reference lists and 10 volumes of two leading journals. We included studies on adults with SMI focusing on stimulating independent living, integrated care, recovery, and social inclusion published in English between January 2011 and December 2022 in peer-reviewed journals.
UNASSIGNED: The search resulted in 56 papers that met the inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis revealed ingredients in 12 areas: multidisciplinary teams; collaboration within and outside the organization; attention to several aspects of health; supporting full citizenship; attention to the recovery of daily life; collaboration with the social network; tailored support; well-trained staff; using digital technologies; housing and living environment; sustainable policies and funding; and reciprocity in relationships.
UNASSIGNED: We found 12 areas of ingredients, including some innovative topics about reciprocity and sustainable policies and funding. There is much attention to individual ingredients for good community-based mental healthcare, but very little is known about their integration and implementation in contemporary, fragmented mental healthcare services. For future studies, we recommend more empirical research on community mental healthcare, as well as further investigation(s) from the social service perspective, and solid research on general terminology about SMI and outpatient support.