机械化学技术在污染土壤的修复中引起了越来越多的关注。本文总结了本文的表现，机制，影响因素，以及机械化学修复（MCR）对持久性有机污染物（POPs）污染的土壤和重金属（HMs）污染的土壤的环境影响。首先,与其他技术相比，MCR可以实现持久性有机污染物的理想治疗，HMs,和共同污染的土壤，特别是高浓度污染物。其次,持久性有机污染物通过与机械活化物质的相互作用进行矿化，其中土壤中的芳香族和脂肪族污染物可能经历不同的降解途径；无机污染物可以通过机械动力引起的破碎和团聚与土壤颗粒牢固结合。在此期间，添加剂可以增强组合，但它们与阴离子金属（类）的接触可能被部分抑制。第三，MCR的影响主要取决于铣削系统的类型，机械能的积累，和试剂的使用，这基本上是通过运行参数来调节的：转速，球与粉末的比例，试剂与土壤的比率，铣削时间,和土壤处理能力；粘土等矿物，金属氧化物，土壤中的沙子本身是可行的修复试剂，和外来添加剂在增效剂和解毒中起着至关重要的作用；此外，土壤的各种理化性质都可能对机械化学效应产生不同程度的影响,然而，关键的影响性能和机制仍不清楚，需要进一步调查。关于处理后土壤的评估，需要注意土壤特性，持久性有机污染物中间体和浸出HMs的毒性，和长期评估，特别是在系统中引入侵蚀性添加剂。最后,项目中列举了当前问题的建议和该领域即将取得的进展。这篇综述提供了对机械化学方法进行更有效和生态友好的污染土壤修复的宝贵见解。
Mechanochemical techniques have been garnering growing attention in remediation of contaminated soil. This paper summarizes the performance, mechanism, influential factors, and environmental impacts of mechanochemical remediation (MCR) for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) contaminated soil and heavy metal(loid) s (HMs) contaminated soil. Firstly, in contrast to other technologies, MCR can achieve desirable treatment of POPs, HMs, and co-contaminated soil, especially with high-concentration pollutants. Secondly, POPs undergo mineralization via interaction with mechanically activated substances, where aromatic and aliphatic pollutants in soil may go through varied degradation routes; inorganic pollutants can be firmly combined with soil particles by fragmentation and agglomeration induced by mechanical power, during which additives may enhance the combination but their contact with anionic metal(loid)s may be partially suppressed. Thirdly, the effect of MCR primarily hinges on types of milling systems, the accumulation of mechanical energy, and the use of reagents, which is basically regulated through operating parameters: rotation speed, ball-to-powder ratio, reagent-to-soil ratio, milling time, and soil treatment capacity; minerals like clay, metal oxides, and sand in soil itself are feasible reagents for remediation, and alien additives play a crucial role in synergist and detoxification; additionally, various physicochemical properties of soil might influence the mechanochemical effect to varying degrees, yet the key influential performance and mechanism remain unclear and require further investigation. Concerning the assessment of soil after treatment, attention needs to be paid to soil properties, toxicity of POPs\' intermediates and leaching HMs, and long-term appraisement, particularly with the introduction of aggressive additives into the system. Finally, proposals for current issues and forthcoming advancements in this domain are enumerated in items. This
review provides valuable insight into mechanochemical approaches for performing more effective and eco-friendly remediation on contaminated soil.
