光驱动光催化(PC)和光电催化(PEC)系统是用于废水处理和能源生产的重要技术。尽管光(电)催化在能源生产和废水修复中的应用功能与光诱导电荷转移的原理相似,大多数先前的研究都集中在能源回收或废水处理,因为这两种应用需要不同的反应参数和催化剂性能。本综述揭示了实现同时能量回收的双功能PC和PEC工艺的科学进展(例如,H2产生)与废水处理(例如,有机污染物的降解)。双功能光(电)催化系统的关键概念是使用电子还原功率从废水中回收H2和空穴氧化功率同时降解废水中的污染物。在这里,讨论了具有双重功能目的的各种PC和PEC流程的详细全面概述,突出不同系统的优缺点,并基于不同的度量工具进行性能比较。虽然在婴儿期,这种双功能技术在过去几年中获得了科学兴趣;这是意料之中的,因为这种方法可以克服多种主要的环境挑战,比如缺水,全球变暖,和污染。该审查应提供当前的局限性和前景,以开发基于水能关系的下一代太阳能驱动的双功能技术。
Light-driven photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) systems are vital technologies being extensively explored for wastewater treatment and energy production. Although the photo(electro)catalytic applications in both the energy production and wastewater remediation function on the similar principle of photo-induced charge transfer, most preceding research has been focused on either the energy recovery or wastewater treatment as these two applications demand distinct reaction parameters and catalyst properties. The present
review reveals the scientific progress in dual-functional PC and PEC processes that enable simultaneous energy recovery (e.g., H2 generation) with wastewater treatment (e.g., degradation of organic pollutants). The key concept in the dual-functional photo(electro)catalytic system is to use both the electron reduction power for recovering H2 from wastewater and hole oxidation power for degrading pollutants in wastewater simultaneously. Herein, a detailed and comprehensive overview of the advancement in various PC and PEC processes with dual-functional purpose is discussed, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of different systems and performance comparison based on diverse metrics tools. Although in its infancy, this dual-functional technology has gained scientific interest over the past few years; this is expected, as this approach can overcome multiple major environmental challenges, such as water scarcity, global warming, and pollution. The
review should offer current limitations and prospects for developing next-generation solar-driven dual-functional techniques based on the water-energy nexus.