这项研究旨在了解印度尼西亚医疗保健专业人员（HCP）对HCP和社区在社交生活中遵守COVID-19预防指南的障碍的看法和经验。这项方法上的定性研究采用了深入的访谈作为主要数据收集的方法。使用雪球采样技术招募了23名HCP参与者。数据分析以通过Ritchie和Spencer的框架分析引入的定性数据分析的五个步骤为指导。计划行为理论被用来指导研究概念化，数据分析和调查结果的讨论。结果表明，HCP对COVID-19预防指南的依从性受主观规范的影响，例如社会影响和对预防行为的不赞成，和感知的行为控制或外部因素。研究结果还表明，HCP认为社区不遵守预防指南受其行为意图和态度的影响，例如不相信政府提供的与COVID-19相关的信息，对HCP的不信任，以及对传统仪式的信仰来抵御不幸。主观规范，包括负面的社会压力和对社会排斥的担忧，和感知的行为控制反映在缺乏个人防护设备和贫困，也是社区坚持的障碍。研究结果表明，偏远地区的决策者，印度尼西亚的多元文化地区，如东努沙登加拉（NusaTenggaraTimur或NTT）必须考虑到家庭和传统（社会）联系和纽带凌驾于个人机构之上，个人行动受到长期持有的社会规范的强烈指导。因此，而以机构为重点的预防政策鼓励个人行动(洗手，戴口罩)是必不可少的，在NTT，它们必须通过社会变革来增强，与可信赖的传统（adat）和宗教领袖一起倡导在高度传播的大流行病毒的背景下修改规范。建议进行未来的大规模研究，以探讨社会文化障碍对HCP和社区遵守预防指南的影响。这可以更好地为卫生政策和实践提供信息。
This study aimed to understand Indonesian healthcare professionals\' (HCPs) perceptions and experiences regarding barriers to both HCP and community adherence to COVID-19 prevention
guidelines in their social life. This methodologically qualitative study employed in-depth interviewing as its method for primary data collection. Twenty-three HCP participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was guided by the Five Steps of Qualitative Data Analysis introduced through Ritchie and Spencer\'s Framework Analysis. The Theory of Planned Behaviour was used to guide study conceptualisation, data analysis and discussions of the findings. Results demonstrated that HCP adherence to COVID-19 prevention
guidelines was influenced by subjective norms, such as social influence and disapproval towards preventive behaviours, and perceived behavioural control or external factors. Findings also demonstrated that HCPs perceived that community nonadherence to preventive
guidelines was influenced by their behavioural intentions and attitudes, such as disbelief in COVID-19-related information provided by the government, distrust in HCPs, and belief in traditional ritual practices to ward off misfortune. Subjective norms, including negative social pressure and concerns of social rejection, and perceived behavioural control reflected in lack of personal protective equipment and poverty, were also barriers to community adherence. The findings indicate that policymakers in remote, multicultural locales in Indonesia such as East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur or NTT) must take into consideration that familial and traditional (social) ties and bonds override individual agency where personal action is strongly guided by long-held social norms. Thus, while agency-focused preventive policies which encourage individual actions (hand washing, mask wearing) are essential, in NTT they must be augmented by social change, advocating with trusted traditional (adat) and religious leaders to revise norms in the context of a highly transmissible pandemic virus. Future large-scale studies are recommended to explore the influence of socio-cultural barriers to HCP and community adherence to preventive
guidelines, which can better inform health policy and practice.
