营养补充剂在参加各种运动的运动员中很受欢迎。肌酸是最常用的膳食补充剂之一,因为它已被证明有利于在高强度厌氧活动的反复发作中提高性能。这篇综述探讨了补充肌酸对游泳表现的具体影响,并考虑了补充肌酸对该人群各种力量发展措施的影响。对补充肌酸对游泳表现的影响进行的研究表明,虽然补充肌酸对改善单次短跑游泳的表现无效,膳食补充肌酸可能有利于反复间歇游泳组的表现。考虑到短跑游泳成绩和力量测量之间的关系,还研究了补充肌酸对游泳者力量发展的影响。当在游泳凳测力计上测量时,肌酸补充制度后,电源开发确实显示出一些改善。功率输出的这种改进如何转换为池中的性能是不确定的。尽管存在一些证据表明性别对补充肌酸后游泳者的表现改善有影响,大多数研究表明,男性和女性游泳运动员对补充剂的反应相同。先前研究的主要限制是缺乏考虑补充肌酸对游泳表现的可能的中风依赖性作用。迄今为止进行的大多数研究仅涉及对自由式游泳中风的检查。讨论了蛙泳和蝶泳游泳成绩提高的潜力,关于这些中风和自由泳之间的生物力学差异和效率差异。关键点补充肌酸并不能改善单次短跑游泳表现。补充肌酸确实可以改善重复间隔游泳组的表现。补充肌酸确实可以改善游泳者的力量发展,当在游泳凳测功计上进行测量时。由于蝶泳和蛙泳竞技游泳风格的高能量需求,潜在的,当游泳蝶泳或蛙泳时,与补充肌酸和游泳表现相关的益处可能更大,与通常检查的自由式游泳中风相比。
Nutritional supplements are popular among athletes participating in a wide variety of sports. Creatine is one of the most commonly used dietary supplements, as it has been shown to be beneficial in improving performance during repeated bouts of high-intensity anaerobic activity. This
review examines the specific effects of creatine supplementation on swimming performance, and considers the effects of creatine supplementation on various measures of power development in this population. Research performed on the effect of creatine supplementation on swimming performance indicates that whilst creatine supplementation is ineffective in improving performance during a single sprint swim, dietary creatine supplementation may benefit repeated interval swim set performance. Considering the relationship between sprint swimming performance and measurements of power, the effect of creatine supplementation on power development in swimmers has also been examined. When measured on a swim bench ergometer, power development does show some improvement following a creatine supplementation regime. How this improvement in power output transfers to performance in the pool is uncertain. Although some evidence exists to suggest a gender effect on the performance improvements seen in swimmers following creatine supplementation, the majority of research indicates that male and female swimmers respond equally to supplementation. A major limitation to previous research is the lack of consideration given to the possible stroke dependant effect of creatine supplementation on swimming performance. The majority of the research conducted to date has involved examination of the freestyle swimming stroke only. The potential for performance improvements in the breaststroke and
butterfly swimming strokes is discussed, with regards to the biomechanical differences and differences in efficiency between these strokes and freestyle. Key PointsCreatine supplementation does not improve single sprint swimming performance.Creatine supplementation does improve repeated interval swim set performance.Creatine supplementation does improve power development in swimmers when measured on a swim bench ergometer.As a result of the high energy demands of the
butterfly and breaststroke competitive swimming styles, potentially, the benefits associated with creatine supplementation and swimming performance could be greater when swimming
butterfly or breaststroke, compared to the commonly examined freestyle swimming stroke.