骨相关疾病是现代社会面临的重大问题和沉重负担。目前用于治疗这些病理状况的临床方法通常导致并发症并且具有有限的治疗功效。在这种情况下，纳米治疗平台的发展，如细胞外囊泡，能提高相关治疗效果。特别是,外泌体是纳米大小的，哺乳动物中许多细胞分泌的脂双层细胞外囊泡。由于它们固有的运输物质的能力，包括蛋白质，脂质，和基因——在细胞中，以及它们对靶细胞的天生吸引力，它们被认为是细胞通讯的关键介质，并参与许多生物过程。在最近的骨组织工程研究中，外泌体已被用作药物递送载体。以调节骨骼稳态。然而,外泌体调节网络在维持骨稳态方面的确切作用及其治疗骨损伤的潜力尚不清楚.为外泌体在药物递送和骨相关疾病中的研究提供新的视角,在本文中，我们回顾了外泌体在骨稳态和骨相关疾病中的药物递送作用的最新研究，以及外泌体的组成和特征及其在骨稳态和骨相关疾病中的调节作用，旨在为外泌体在骨相关疾病治疗中的治疗应用提供新思路。
Bone-related diseases are major problems and heavy burdens faced by modern society. Current clinical approaches for the treatment of these pathological conditions often lead to complications and have limited therapeutic efficacy. In this context, the development of nanotherapeutic platforms, such as extracellular vesicles, can improve the relevant therapeutic effects. In particular, exosomes are nano-sized, lipid bilayer extracellular vesicles secreted by many cells in mammals. Due to their innate capacity to transport materials-including proteins, lipids, and genes-among cells, as well as their innate attraction to target cells, they are considered to be a crucial medium for cell communication and are involved in a number of biological processes. Exosomes have been used as drug delivery vehicles in recent bone tissue engineering studies, in order to regulate bone homeostasis. However, the precise workings of the exosome regulatory network in maintaining bone homeostasis and its potential for treating bone injury remain unclear. To provide a fresh perspective for the
study of exosomes in drug delivery and bone-related diseases, in this paper, we review recent studies on the roles of exosomes for drug delivery in bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases, as well as the composition and characteristics of exosomes and their regulatory roles in bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases, aiming to provide new ideas for the therapeutic application of exosomes in the treatment of bone-related diseases.
