严重急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)及其相关的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行要求迅速扩大体外诊断试验,以对高危人群进行大规模筛查和检测,并同时确定个人和人群水平上过去SARS-CoV-2暴露的可靠数据。为了满足测试中的指数需求,在众多平台上,分子和血清学测定的发展加速。本综述讨论了关于这些模式的当前文献,包括核酸扩增试验,直接病毒抗原测试和迅速扩大的实验室为基础和护理点血清学测试。这套补充测试将为医疗保健提供者和政策制定者的关键决策提供信息。和了解他们的优势和局限性将是关键的明智的应用算法的治疗和公共卫生战略的发展。
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demanded rapid upscaling of in-vitro diagnostic assays to enable mass screening and testing of high-risk groups, and simultaneous ascertainment of robust data on past SARS-CoV-2 exposure at an individual and a population level. To meet the exponential demand in testing, there has been an accelerated development of both molecular and serological assays across a plethora of platforms. The present
review discusses the current literature on these modalities, including nucleic acid amplification tests, direct viral antigen tests and the rapidly expanding laboratory-based and point of care serological tests. This suite of complementary tests will inform crucial decisions by healthcare providers and policy makers, and understanding their strengths and limitations will be critical to their judicious application for the development of algorithmic approaches to treatment and public health strategies.