人们对高血压作为全球疾病负担的重要贡献者的看法发生了重大转变。大约6%和8%的孕妇受到高血压的影响,这会对母亲和胎儿产生不利影响。此外,高血压个体患肾病的风险增加,动脉硬化,眼睛损伤,和中风。使用血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(ARB)广泛用于治疗高血压,心力衰竭,冠状动脉疾病,和糖尿病肾病。尽管如此,一些ARB由于其口服生物利用度和水溶性差而具有有限的用途。为了解决这个问题,各种基于纳米粒子(NP)的系统,例如聚合物NP(即,树枝状聚合物),聚合物胶束,聚合物-药物缀合物,脂质NPs,纳米乳液,自乳化给药系统(SEDDS),固体脂质NP(SLN),纳米结构脂质载体(NLCs),碳基纳米载体,无机NP,和纳米晶体,最近被开发用于有效递送氯沙坦,缬沙坦(Val),奥美沙坦(OLM),替米沙坦(TEL),坎地沙坦,依普罗沙坦,厄贝沙坦,和阿齐沙坦靶向细胞。这篇综述文章提供了基于文献的各类ARB比较,他们的行动机制,以及为ARB递送开发并成功应用于高血压管理的纳米制剂的概述,糖尿病并发症,和其他条件。
There has been a significant shift in the perception of hypertension as an important contributor to the global disease burden. Approximately 6 % and 8 % of pregnancies are affected by hypertension, which can adversely affect the mother and the fetus. Furthermore, a hypertensive individual is at increased risk of developing kidney disease, arterial hardening, eye damage, and strokes. Using
angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is widespread in treating hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and diabetic nephropathy. Despite this, some ARBs have limited use due to their poor oral bioavailability and water solubility. To tackle this, a variety of nanoparticle (NP)-based systems, such as polymeric NPs (i. e., dendrimers), polymeric micelles, polymer-drug conjugates, lipid NPs, nanoemulsions, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS), solid lipid NPs (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), carbon-based nanocarriers, inorganic NPs, and nanocrystals, have been recently developed for efficient delivery of losartan, Valsartan (Val), Olmesartan (OLM), Telmisartan (TEL), Candesartan, Eprosartan, Irbesartan, and Azilsartan to target cells. This
review article provides a literature-based comparison of the various classes of ARBs, their mechanisms of action, and an overview of the nanoformulations developed for ARB delivery and successfully applied to managing hypertension, diabetic complications, and other conditions.