心理负荷的检测，如应激反应，受到更大的关注和社会兴趣，因为压力会对健康产生长期影响[1]。声学刺激,尤其是噪音,作为触发因素进行调查。生理测量在心理负荷检测中的应用使得能够记录超出纯粹感知问卷的进一步定量维度。因此，也可以捕获对声刺激的无意识反应。具有声学刺激的众多生理信号和可能的实验设计可能会迅速导致研究的挑战性实施以及研究之间的再现或比较的难度增加。生理数据的不合适的实验设计或处理可能导致关于不再有效的心理负荷的结论。因此，根据PRISMA标准进行的系统评价旨在为该领域的进一步研究提供指导和基础。为此,在一项实验室研究中，在听力测试的背景下，研究了参与者对声刺激的短期生理反应。共有37项研究符合这些标准，并根据实验设计分析了数据项（研究的心理负荷，独立变量/声学刺激，参与者,回放,场景/上下文，测试阶段的持续时间，用于感知比较的问卷)和生理信号(测量，计算特征，系统,数据处理方法，数据分析方法，结果)。概述表明，压力是对声音刺激的反应中研究最多的心理负荷。ECG/PPG系统和皮肤电导的测量最常用于心理负荷的检测。一个关键的方面是许多不同的实验设计方法，这妨碍了结果的可比性。在未来,需要更标准化的方法来实现对声刺激效果的更有效分析。
Objective. The detection of psychological loads, such as stress reactions, is receiving greater attention and social interest, as stress can have long-term effects on health O\'Connor, Thayer and Vedhara (2021Ann. Rev. Psychol.72, 663-688). Acoustic stimuli, especially noise, are investigated as triggering factors. The application of physiological measurements in the detection of psychological loads enables the recording of a further quantitative dimension that goes beyond purely perceptive questionnaires. Thus, unconscious reactions to acoustic stimuli can also be captured. The numerous physiological signals and possible experimental designs with acoustic stimuli may quickly lead to a challenging implementation of the study and an increased difficulty in reproduction or comparison between studies. An unsuitable experimental design or processing of the physiological data may result in conclusions about psychological loads that are not valid anymore.Approach. The systematic
review according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis standard presented here is therefore intended to provide guidance and a basis for further studies in this field. For this purpose, studies were identified in which the participants\' short-term physiological responses to acoustic stimuli were investigated in the context of a listening test in a laboratory study.Main Results. A total of 37 studies met these criteria and data items were analysed in terms of the experimental design (studied psychological load, independent variables/acoustic stimuli, participants, playback, scenario/context, duration of test phases, questionnaires for perceptual comparison) and the physiological signals (measures, calculated features, systems, data processing methods, data analysis methods, results). The overviews show that stress is the most studied psychological load in response to acoustic stimuli. An ECG/PPG system and the measurement of skin conductance were most frequently used for the detection of psychological loads. A critical aspect is the numerous different methods of experimental design, which prevent comparability of the results. In the future, more standardized methods are needed to achieve more valid analyses of the effects of acoustic stimuli.
