目的:研究男性和女性人类受精卵中原核(PN)的形态计量学和形态动力学特征。
方法:这项回顾性队列研究包括94个连续的自体单日5个移植周期,导致单胎活产。精子注射后,将所有卵母细胞置于EmbryoScope培养箱中,所有注释均由一名胚胎学家(L-SO)回顾性进行。定时参数包括第二极体挤压(tPB2),精子起源的PN(tSPNa)或卵母细胞起源的PN(tOPNa)外观,和PN衰落(tPNF)。形态计量学在8(阶段1)进行评估,4(阶段2)在PNF(阶段3)之前0小时,测量PN面积(Um2),PN并置,和核仁前体(NPB)排列。
结果:男性受精卵tPB2_tSPNa的时间间隔长于女性受精卵(4.8±0.2vs4.2±0.1h,OR=1.442,95%CI1.009-2.061,p=0.044)。SPN的大小从阶段1到阶段2增加到阶段3(435.3±7.2、506.7±8.0和556.3±8.9um2,p=0.000),OPN也类似(399.0±6.1、464.3±6.7和513.8±6.5um2,p=0.000),SPN在每个阶段均明显大于OPN(分别为p<0.05)。在第1阶段,雄性受精卵多于雌性受精卵达到中央PN并置(76.7%vs51.0%,p=0.010),阶段2(97.7%对86.3%,p=0.048),和第三阶段(97.7%对86.3%,p=0.048)。仅在第1阶段,OPN显示NPB比SPN对齐(44.7%vs28.7%,p=0.023)。
结论:不同性别的胚胎在合子阶段表现出不同的形态动力学和形态计量学特征。使用这些参数的胚胎选择可能会导致后代的性别比例失衡。
OBJECTIVE: To
study the morphometric and morphokinetic profiles of pronuclei (PN) between male and female human zygotes.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort
study included 94 consecutive autologous single day 5 transfer cycles leading to a singleton live birth. All oocytes were placed in the EmbryoScope + incubator post-sperm injection with all annotations performed retrospectively by one embryologist (L-SO). Timing parameters included 2nd polar body extrusion (tPB2), sperm-originated PN (tSPNa) or oocyte-originated PN (tOPNa) appearance, and PN fading (tPNF). Morphometrics were evaluated at 8 (stage 1), 4 (stage 2), and 0 h before PNF (stage 3), measuring PN area (um2), PN juxtaposition, and nucleolar precursor bodies (NPB) arrangement.
RESULTS: Male zygotes had longer time intervals of tPB2_tSPNa than female zygotes (4.8 ± 0.2 vs 4.2 ± 0.1 h, OR = 1.442, 95% CI 1.009-2.061, p = 0.044). SPN increased in size from stage 1 through 2 to 3 (435.3 ± 7.2, 506.7 ± 8.0, and 556.3 ± 8.9 um2, p = 0.000) and OPN did similarly (399.0 ± 6.1, 464.3 ± 6.7, and 513.8 ± 6.5 um2, p = 0.000), with SPN being significantly larger than OPN at each stage (p < 0.05 respectively). More male than female zygotes reached central PN juxtaposition at stage 1 (76.7% vs 51.0%, p = 0.010), stage 2 (97.7% vs 86.3%, p = 0.048), and stage 3 (97.7% vs 86.3%, p = 0.048). More OPN showed aligned NPBs than in SPN at stage 1 only (44.7% vs 28.7%, p = 0.023).
CONCLUSIONS: Embryos with different sexes display different morphokinetic and morphometric features at the zygotic stage. Embryo selection using such parameters may lead to unbalanced sex ratio in resulting offspring.