与城市快速发展造成的水生生态系统破坏相比,实质性的生态恢复通常需要很长时间,并且是一个具有挑战性的过程。尽管不同地区的河流生态修复取得了成功,生物多样性之间的关系,水质,适用于发展中国家的有效措施仍然知之甚少。这项研究是在深圳市大沙河进行的,中国发展最快的城市之一。分四个阶段对恢复措施进行了分类,以研究对水质和生物多样性的影响。作为回应,进行了三次捕捞浮游植物的活动,浮游动物,最后三个工程阶段的底栖动物样本,2007年、2012年和2021年。从2006年到2021年,每月进行一次水质同步调查。我们的分析表明,近年来底栖动物的生物多样性有所改善,这标志着水生生态环境的好转。根据希尔森霍夫家族生物指数(FBI),2021年活动的水质水平在下游被提升为“良好”,在上游和中上游被提升为“公平”。通过分析水质参数响应比与浮游植物Shannon-Wiener指数之间的Pearson相关性,浮游动物,和底栖动物,我们得出结论,生物多样性与水质密切相关。具体来说,浮游动物的生物多样性与氨氮(NH3-N)有关(R2=-0.77,P<0.05),底栖动物多样性与NH3-N呈强烈负相关,总氮,化学需氧量,生化需氧量(R2≥-0.82,P<0.01)。尽管在2012年的行动中,沿江拦截对水生生物产生了暂时的负面影响,但这些措施迅速有效地改善了水质,这是2021年生物多样性改善的基础。这项研究提供了对生物多样性之间关系的见解,水质,和调控项目,可为发展中国家选择水生态系统恢复措施提供参考。
Compared with the aquatic ecosystem destruction caused by rapid urban development, substantial ecological restoration usually requires long periods and is a challenging process. Although river ecological restoration has been successful in different regions, the relationship between biodiversity, water quality, and effective measures applicable to developing countries remains poorly understood. This study was conducted in the Dasha River in Shenzhen city, one of the fastest-growing cities in China. The rehabilitation measures were sorted out in four phases to study the impact on water quality and biodiversity. In response, three campaigns were carried out to take phytoplankton,
zooplankton, and benthos samples within the last three engineering stages, in 2007, 2012, and 2021. Synchronized investigations of water quality were conducted monthly from 2006 to 2021. Our analysis showed that the biodiversity of benthos has improved in recent years, which marks a turnaround for the aquatic ecological environment. According to the Hilsenhoff family biotic index (FBI), the water quality level in the 2021 campaign was promoted to \"Good\" in the downstream and \"Fair\" in the upper and middle streams. By analyzing Pearson\'s correlations between response ratios of water quality parameters and the Shannon-Wiener index of phytoplankton,
zooplankton, and benthos, we concluded that biodiversity is significantly related to water quality. Specifically, the biodiversity of
zooplankton is associated with ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) (R2 = - 0.77, P < 0.05), and benthos diversity is strongly negatively correlated with NH3-N, total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, and biochemical oxygen demand (R2 ≥ -0.82, P < 0.01). Despite the temporary negative impact of along-river interception on aquatic organisms in the campaign of 2012, the measures quickly and effectively improved water quality, which is the foundation for biodiversity improvement in 2021. This study provides insights into relationships among biodiversity, water quality, and regulation projects and can offer a reference for selecting aquatic ecosystem restoration measures in developing areas.