Sarcoptesscabiei(Acari:Sarcoptidae)是全球分布的寄生螨物种,这导致了广泛的家养和野生哺乳动物。在本研究中,我们报告了在维也纳动物园的多物种展览中举行的圈养低地tapir(Tapirusterrestris)中的慢性S.scabiei感染的病例。成年男性在长达12个月的间隔内表现出3次临床表现,通过阳性的深层皮肤刮片诊断,并通过口服伊维菌素(0.1-0.2mg/kg体重)和抗菌溶液冲洗成功治疗。临床症状包括瘙痒,脱发,红斑,地壳,浅层出血仅限于腋窝和胸膜区域,以及远端肢体。受影响的tapir在全身麻醉期间死于潜在的细菌性肺炎。皮肤刮屑,尸检,和螨材料的组织病理学分析(卵,幼虫,和成虫)允许进一步的形态学和分子鉴定。此处描述的形态特征与S.scabiei物种的特征相匹配,分子数据验证了形态鉴定。跨物种传播在这种被忽视的新兴泛动物性疾病的扩展中起着关键作用,城市野生动物可能会弥合自由放养的野生动物水库和动物园动物之间的差距。然而,需要进一步检查以检测感染的主要来源并发现动物园内的传播途径。
Sarcoptes scabiei (Acari: Sarcoptidae) is a globally distributed parasitic mite species, which causes mange in a broad spectrum of domestic and wild mammals. In the present study, we report a
case of chronic S. scabiei infestation in a captive lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) held in a multi-species exhibit at Vienna Zoo. The adult male showed clinically manifested mange flare-ups three times at an interval of up to 12 months, diagnosed by positive deep-skin scrapings and successfully treated by oral applications of ivermectin (0.1-0.2 mg/kg body weight) and washings with antimicrobial solutions. Clinical symptoms including pruritus, alopecia, erythema, crusts, and superficial bleedings were limited to the axillar and pectoral region, as well as distal limbs. The affected tapir died from underlying bacterial pneumonia during general anesthesia. Skin scrapings, necropsy, and histopathological analysis of mite material (eggs, larvae, and adults) permitted further morphological and molecular identification. The morphological features described here matched the characteristics for the species S. scabiei and molecular data verified morphological identification. Cross-species transmission plays a key role in the expansion of this neglected emerging panzootic disease and urban wildlife could potentially bridge the gap between free-ranging wildlife reservoirs and zoo animals. However, further examinations are needed to detect the primary source of infestation and discover transmission pathways within the zoo.