背景:全球卫生人力资源(HRH)战略强调需要对HRH进行投资,以满足人口需求并改善优质医疗保健服务的提供。在南非,营养师是公认的提供营养服务的注册专业人员。在本文中,我们使用8步世界卫生组织(WHO)人员配备需求工作量指标(WISN)方法的2个关键步骤(3和4)来确定南非中央和三级公立医院营养师的工作量构成和活动标准.
方法:所有(9)省级营养管理人员(第一阶段)以及中央和三级公立医院的22位营养师(第二阶段)中的21位参加了在线调查。在第一阶段,省级经理提供了所在省份营养师的工作描述(JD),和JD进行了分析,以确定基线工作负载组件。在第二阶段,营养师参与了多阶段Delphi流程,就工作量构成和活动标准达成共识.共识被认为是70%或更多的共识,而参与者回答的中位数用于获得对活动标准的共识。
结果:营养师的JD是共识练习的有用基线,因为没有其他合适的源文件。所有三轮Delphi调查的应答率为100%。营养师就92%的拟议工作量组成部分和活动标准达成了共识(共识≥70%)。在删除重复和某些行政活动之后,共15个健康,通过共识活动,产生了15项支持和15项额外的服务活动,这些活动的活动标准一致。
结论:德尔菲技术是就南非中央和三级公立医院营养师的工作量构成和活动标准达成协议的合适方法。这项研究的结果现在可用于编制工作量组成部分和活动标准的标准化列表,并最终确定中央和三级公立医院护理水平的饮食人员配备需求。
BACKGROUND: The global Human Resources for Health (HRH) strategy emphasizes the need to invest in HRH to meet population needs and improve the provision of quality health care services. In South Africa, dietitians are recognized as registered professionals who provide nutrition services. In this paper, we used 2 key steps (3 and 4) of the eight step World Health Organization (WHO) Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) methodology to determine the workload components and activity standards for dietitians at South African central and tertiary public hospitals.
METHODS: All (9) provincial nutrition managers (phase one) and 21 out of a total 22 head dietitians at central and tertiary public hospitals (phase two) participated in an online survey. In phase one, the provincial managers provided the job descriptions (JDs) of dietitians in their provinces, and the JDs were analyzed to determine the baseline workload components. In phase two, dietitians participated in a multi-stage Delphi process to reach
consensus on
workload components and activity standards.
Consensus was deemed to be agreement of 70% or more, while the median of participants\' responses was used to obtain
consensus on the activity standards.
RESULTS: The JDs of dietitians were a useful baseline for the
consensus exercise as there were no other suitable source documents. The response rate was 100% for all three rounds of the Delphi survey. Dietitians reached agreement (
consensus ≥ 70%) on 92% of proposed
workload components and activity standards. Following the removal of duplicate and certain administrative activities, a total of 15 health, 15 support and 15 additional service activities with aligned activity standards resulted from the consensus exercise.
CONCLUSIONS: The Delphi technique was a suitable method for reaching agreement on workload components and activity standards for dietitians at South African central and tertiary public hospitals. The findings from this study can now be used to compile a standardized list of workload components and activity standards and ultimately to determine dietetic staffing needs for the central and tertiary public hospital level of care.