UASSIGNED:奶牛场对抗菌药物的不科学和不合理使用导致大肠杆菌出现了更严重的耐药性。
未经批准:在这项研究中,研究了呼和浩特地区牛场的小牛腹泻病例,和大肠杆菌通过PCR和生化方法鉴定,同时分析了分离株的毒力和耐药基因的分布。
UNASSIGNED:结果表明,从患病材料中分离出21株大肠杆菌,分离率为60%。分离菌株属于15个ST型。分离菌株对20种抗菌药物的耐药水平。,青霉素,氨苄青霉素,头孢噻肟,头孢吡肟,头孢西丁,头孢曲松超过50%。对美罗培南的耐药率为10%。对四环素和强力霉素的耐药率分别为33%和29%,环丙沙星,左氧氟沙星和恩诺沙星占48%,33%,33%,阿米卡星,卡那霉素和庆大霉素占19%,24%和38%,复方新诺明和红霉素分别为48%和15%,氟苯尼考,氯霉素和多粘菌素B分别为29%,33%,和5%。通过小鼠致病性试验,分离出9株致病性小牛腹泻大肠埃希菌。粘附类毒力基因检出率为fimC(95%),IuxS(95%),EaeA(76%),FIMA(62%),ompA(52%),流感(24%)。铁转运蛋白样毒力基因的检出率为iroN(33%),iutA(19%),fyuA(14%),irp5(9.5%),Iss(9.5%),和iucD(9.5%)。毒素样毒力基因检出率为phoA(90%),Ecs3703(57%),ropS(33%),hlyF(14%),和F17(9.5%)。分离菌株中四环素耐药基因的检出率为tetB(29%),tetA(19%)和tetD(14%)。氟喹诺酮类耐药基因的检出率为parC(Y305H,P333S,R355G)(9.5%),gyrA(S83L,D87N)(28%),qnrD(43%),和qnrS(9.5%)。β-内酰胺类耐药基因的检出率为bla-CTX-M(29%),BLATEM(29%),和BLASHV(9.5%)。氨基糖苷类耐药基因的检出率为strA-B(57%),aacC(33%),aac(3')-IIa(29%),和aadAI(24%)。氯霉素抗性基因floR和磺胺类抗性基因sul2的检出率分别为24和33%。
未经证实:引起小牛腹泻的致病性大肠杆菌含有丰富的毒力基因和抗生素抗性基因。
UNASSIGNED: The unscientific and irrational use of antimicrobial drugs in dairy farms has led to the emergence of more serious drug resistance in Escherichia coli.
UNASSIGNED: In this
study, cases of calf diarrhea in cattle farms around the Hohhot area were studied, and Escherichia coli were identified by PCR and biochemical methods, while the distribution of virulence and drug resistance genes of the isolates was analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: The results showed that 21 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from the diseased materials, and the isolation rate was 60%. The isolated strains belong to 15 ST types. The drug resistance levels of the isolated strains to 20 kinds of antimicrobial agent viz., penicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefoxitin, and ceftriaxone were more than 50%. The resistance rate to meropenem was 10%. The resistance rates to tetracycline and doxycycline were 33% and 29%, to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and enrofloxacin were 48%, 33%, and 33%, to amikacin, kanamycin and gentamicin were 19%, 24% and 38%, to cotrimoxazole and erythromycin were 48% and 15%, to florfenicol, chloramphenicol and polymyxin B were 29%, 33%, and 5%. Nine strains of pathogenic calf diarrhea Escherichia coli were isolated by mouse pathogenicity test. The detection rates of virulence genes for the adhesion class were fimC (95%), IuxS (95%), eaeA (76%), fimA (62%), ompA (52%), and flu (24%). The detection rates for iron transporter protein like virulence genes were iroN (33%), iutA (19%), fyuA (14%), irp5 (9.5%), Iss (9.5%), and iucD (9.5%). The detection rates for toxin-like virulence genes were phoA (90%), Ecs3703 (57%), ropS (33%), hlyF (14%), and F17 (9.5%). The detection rates of tetracycline resistance genes in isolated strains were tetB (29%), tetA (19%) and tetD (14%). The detection rates for fluoroquinolone resistance genes were parC (Y305H, P333S, R355G) (9.5%), gyrA (S83L, D87N) (28%), qnrD (43%), and qnrS (9.5%). The detection rates for β-lactam resistance genes were bla CTX-M (29%), bla TEM (29%), and bla SHV (9.5%). The detection rates for aminoglycoside resistance genes were strA-B (57%), aacC (33%), aac(3\')-IIa (29%), and aadAI (24%). The detection rates of chloramphenicol resistance genes floR and sulfa resistance genes sul2 were 24 and 33%.
UNASSIGNED: Pathogenic Escherichia coli causing diarrhea in calves contain abundant virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes.