UNASSIGNED: Pentalogy of Cantrell is a rare and deadly syndrome, manifesting as intracardiac anomalies and ventricular diverticulum. Echocardiographers have an insufficient understanding of pentalogy of Cantrell, which may lead to missed diagnoses, especially in cases lacking the most obvious signs.
UNASSIGNED: One of twin male infants, at a gestational age of 37 weeks, was found with a cardiac murmur and a pulsatile mass in the midline supraumbilical abdomen for 2 days. Echocardiography on admission indicated congenital heart disease. A cardiac murmur was detected in the 3-4 intercostal space and extensively spread. The infant was diagnosed with pentalogy of Cantrell by ultrasound and computed tomography angiography (CTA) preoperatively. The patient underwent heart deformity surgery and was followed up for 16 months. The patient\'s cardiac structure and function returned to normal.
UNASSIGNED: Intracardiac anomaly and ventricular diverticulum are the primary manifestations of pentalogy of Cantrell. Pentalogy of Cantrell may be diagnosed by combining the ultrasound and CTA findings.

UNASSIGNED: Choroid Plexus Carcinomas (CPC) are rare malignant brain neoplasms of choroid plexus epithelium, with a tendency to occur in infants and children, especially those who are under two years of age. The Main symptoms of CPC include nausea, vomiting, headache, irritability, blurred vision, and seizures. Few studies discuss the therapeutic methods to treat this tumor. However, most of these studies confirmed the poor prognosis of it.
UNASSIGNED: A two-year-old girl presented with a headache due to head trauma, normal consciousness, GCS 15/15, and without intracranial hypertension symptoms. Computed Tomography (CT) has shown a large heterogeneous lesion in the region of the right lateral ventricle. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large poorly-defined mass in the right lateral ventricle with mild dilatation of the ipsilateral lateral ventricle, and midline shift and marked edema surrounding it. In this case, the mass has been discovered by accident. The histological diagnosis was choroid plexus carcinoma (WHO grade 3), curettage of the right lateral ventricle was performed.
UNASSIGNED: CPC is a serious condition with a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and appropriate approaches are required in order to reduce mortality and morbidity rates.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a rare disease with unclear etiology that is characterized by wall motion abnormalities of the left ventricle. We report a 64-year-old woman who presented with cardiac arrest 6 hours after ureteral stenting, with no history of heart disease. Notably, she had a urinary tract infection preoperatively. TC was diagnosed with characteristic apical ballooning on the left ventriculogram. The hemodynamics and cardiac function recovered quickly within 1 day after conservative treatment and controlling the infection. TC should be considered when a patient presents with decreased cardiac function after ureteral stenting, especially in patients with potential concurrent infection. A review of the literature documenting cases of TC related to urological surgery in the past decade was conducted using PubMed. The results were summarized in a table.

BACKGROUND: The movement of intraventricular silicone oil observed in the supine position is extremely rare. Herein, we describe a patient who presented with dynamically moving silicone oil particles in the ventricle when changing position and provide an updated review of this phenomenon.
METHODS: We report a case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with intraventricular hyperdensities that were occasionally found on brain computed tomography (CT). Initial nonenhanced brain CT demonstrated nondependent hyperdensities in the bilateral anterior horns of the lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, and the right suprasellar cistern, mimicking an intraventricular hemorrhage. Further brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the supine position revealed abnormal signals in the bilateral anterior horns of the lateral ventricles, the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, the third ventricle, the right suprasellar cistern, and the bilateral eyeballs, with isosignal intensities surrounded by low-signal chemical shift artifacts on T1-weighted imaging and variable signals (hypo- or hyperintensity) on T2-weighted imaging. The lesion in the anterior horn of the right ventricle largely moved to the posterior horn of the ipsilateral ventricle. The final craniocervical CT angiography showed that the lesion in the posterior horn had moved back to the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle. These features were consistent with intraventricular silicone oil migration. The final spinal MRI did not demonstrate a migration of silicone oil into the spinal subarachnoid space.
CONCLUSIONS: This case report describes a dynamic process of silicone oil displacement in the supine position and provides a comprehensive imaging presentation. The moving pattern and a characteristic chemical shift artifact on MRI are key to the diagnosis and may help prevent unnecessary examinations or intervention.

BACKGROUND: Gangliocytomas are rare neuronal tumors with an incidence of <1% of all central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms. They occur mostly in the pediatric age group, localizing within the cerebral cortex, most often the temporal lobe.
METHODS: We report a case of an intracranial gangliocytoma arising within the lateral ventricle in a 66-year-old female. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a diffusely enhancing lobulated mass situated within the frontal horn of the right lateral ventricle with extension into the foramen of Monro and obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient underwent an interhemispheric transcallosal approach with gross total resection and relief of her hydrocephalus. Pathological examination showed clusters of highly pleomorphic neuron-like cells without evidence of neoplastic glial cells. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry findings were consistent with the diagnosis of gangliocytoma (World Health Organization Grade 1).
CONCLUSIONS: Gangliocytomas are rare low-grade CNS neoplasms that can present in an older population within unusual locations and should be included within the differential whenever a suspicious lesion is encountered.

BACKGROUND: Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are benign World Health Organization grade I tumors that comprise 2%-4% of all brain tumors among children and less than 1% of brain tumors in adults. Most adult cases occur in the fourth ventricle, with only 1 previous report describing an adult patient with a temporal horn CPP.
METHODS: We report a rare case of a temporal horn CPP presenting in an adult with seizures. We performed a minimally invasive subtemporal approach for gross total resection of the lesion.
CONCLUSIONS: CPP presenting in the temporal horn is rare among adults. We discuss the surgical nuances of the subtemporal approach for resection and review the literature regarding adult presentation of CPP and the treatment strategies for adult CPP.

Ventricular noncompaction has been recognized as a distinct form of rare cardiomyopathy characterized by numerous, prominent ventricular trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses and is caused by a disorder of endomyocardial morphogenesis. Concomitance of either valvular pathologies or complete atrioventricular block with biventricular noncompaction has rarely been reported. Herein, we present a case of 67 years old male presented with syncopal attack and congestive heart failure due to biventricular noncompaction with significant left ventricular dysfunction associated with complete atrioventricular block. He was formerly diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy for last 2 years. Review of literatures of all reported cases has been discussed.