背景:抑郁症是一个重要的公共卫生问题。确定抑郁症的生物心理社会危险因素对于制定有针对性的预防很重要。研究表明,奖励过程中纹状体激活减弱是抑郁症的危险因素;然而,很少有前瞻性研究青少年奖励相关的静息状态功能连接(rsFC)是否预测成年期的抑郁症状,以及这与已知的风险因素(例如,童年创伤)。
方法:在基线时,66名青少年(平均年龄=14.7,SD=1.4,68%为女性)接受了rsFC磁共振成像并完成了儿童抑郁量表(CDI)。随访时(青少年扫描和成人随访之间的平均时间=10.1年,SD=1.6,平均成人年龄=24.8岁,SD=1.7),参与者完成了儿童创伤问卷(CTQ)和贝克抑郁量表(BDI-2).平均rsFC是在中皮质边缘奖励电路的节点之间计算的:腹侧纹状体(VS),前扣带皮质(rACC),内侧眶额皮质,和腹侧被盖区。线性回归评估了rsFC之间的关联,BDI-2和CTQ,控制青少年CDI,出生时分配的性别,和扫描年龄(Bonferroni校正)。
结果:更大的童年创伤与更高的成年抑郁症状相关。青春期更强的VS-rACCrsFC与成年期更大的抑郁症状和更大的童年创伤有关。
结论:样本量小,有限的抑郁严重程度,和基于种子的方法是局限性。
结论:青少年纹状体扣带rsFC与儿童创伤和成人抑郁症状之间的关联表明,这种连接可能是抑郁症的早期神经生物学危险因素,早期生活经历起着重要作用。VS-rACC连通性的增加可能代表纹状体的过度调节反应,通常在抑郁症中报告,并需要进一步调查。
BACKGROUND: Depression is a significant public health concern. Identifying biopsychosocial risk factors for depression is important for developing targeted prevention. Studies have demonstrated that blunted striatal activation during reward processing is a risk factor for depression; however, few have prospectively examined whether adolescent reward-related resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) predicts depression symptoms in adulthood and how this relates to known risk factors (e.g., childhood trauma).
METHODS: At baseline, 66 adolescents (mean age = 14.7, SD = 1.4, 68 % female) underwent rsFC magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Children\'s Depression Inventory (CDI). At follow-up (mean time between adolescent scan and adult follow-up = 10.1 years, SD = 1.6, mean adult age = 24.8 years, SD = 1.7), participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Beck Depression Inventory- Second Edition (BDI-2). Average rsFC was calculated between nodes in mesocorticolimbic reward circuitry: ventral striatum (VS), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial orbitofrontal cortex, and ventral tegmental area. Linear regressions assessed associations between rsFC, BDI-2, and CTQ, controlling for adolescent CDI, sex assigned at birth, and scan age (Bonferroni corrected).
RESULTS: Greater childhood trauma was associated with higher adulthood depression symptoms. Stronger VS-rACC rsFC during adolescence was associated with greater depression symptoms in adulthood and greater childhood trauma.
CONCLUSIONS: The small sample size, limited depression severity, and seed-based approach are limitations.
CONCLUSIONS: The associations between adolescent striatal-cingulate rsFC and childhood trauma and adult depression symptoms suggest this connectivity may be an early neurobiological risk factor for depression and that early life experience plays an important role. Increased VS-rACC connectivity may represent an over-regulatory response on the striatum, commonly reported in depression, and warrants further investigation.