肥胖大流行与越来越多的减肥手术有关,这些手术可以改善与肥胖相关的合并症和预期寿命,但可能会导致营养缺乏。素食主义变得越来越流行,也暴露于维生素和微量营养素缺乏。只有一项研究探讨了素食主义对符合条件的减肥手术患者术前营养状况的影响,但术后护理中没有。
方法:我们在肥胖患者队列中进行了回顾性病例对照研究,每个素食主义者匹配5个杂食动物。我们比较了手术前和手术后3、6、12和30个月的维生素和微量营养素血液水平的生物学特征。
结果:我们包括7位素食者,其中4位素食者(57%),2名乳素食者(29%),和一名lacto-ovo-pesco-素食主义者(14%)。手术后三年,每天补充同等标准的维生素,两组显示出相似的生物学特征,包括血液铁蛋白水平(p=0.6),维生素B1(p=0.1),和B12(p=0.7),而3年时的总平均体重减轻相当(素食者为39.1%[27.0-46.6],杂食动物为35.7%[10.5-46.5],p=0.8)。我们观察到手术前素食者和杂食动物在合并症和营养状况方面没有显着差异。
结论:看来,减肥手术后,与杂食动物相比,服用标准维生素补充剂的素食患者营养缺乏的风险没有增加。然而,需要一个更大的研究和更长时间的随访来证实这些数据,包括对素食主义等不同类型的素食主义的评估。
The obesity pandemic is associated with an increasing number of bariatric surgeries which allow improvement in obesity-related comorbidities and life expectancy but potentially induce nutritional deficiencies. Vegetarianism becomes more and more popular and exposes as well to vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies. Only one study has explored the impact of vegetarianism on the preoperative nutritional status of eligible patients for bariatric surgery, but none in postoperative care.
We conducted a retrospective
case-control study in our cohort of bariatric patients, matching 5 omnivores for each vegetarian. We compared their biological profile regarding vitamin and micronutrient blood levels before and 3, 6, 12, and 30 months after surgery.
We included 7
vegetarians including 4 lacto-ovo-
vegetarians (57%), 2 lacto-
vegetarians (29%), and one lacto-ovo-pesco-vegetarian (14%). Three years after surgery with equivalent daily standard vitamin supplementation, the two groups showed a similar biological profile including blood levels of ferritin (p = 0.6), vitamin B1 (p = 0.1), and B12 (p = 0.7), while the total median weight loss at 3 years was comparable (39.1% [27.0-46.6] in
vegetarians vs 35.7% [10.5-46.5] in omnivores, p = 0.8). We observed no significant difference between
vegetarians and omnivores before surgery regarding comorbidities and nutritional status.
It seems that, after bariatric surgery, vegetarian patients taking a standard vitamin supplementation do not show an increased risk of nutritional deficiencies compared to omnivores. However, a larger study with a longer follow-up is needed to confirm these data, including an evaluation of different types of vegetarianism such as veganism.