口咽禽滴虫病是一种可能致命的寄生虫病，会影响多种禽类。由于大多数国家禁止预防性治疗，并且耐药菌株正在流行，因此本综述的重点是疾病治疗。根据PRISMA程序进行了系统审查，包括60篇文章。禽口咽部滴虫病的成功和无毒治疗开始于enheptin，一种被二甲咪唑取代的药物，甲硝唑,奥硝唑,甲硝唑和邻硝唑。饮用水给药是最常用和推荐的方法，尽管禽类的等级和含药水的适口性可能会干扰治疗。除了鸽子,据报道，鹦鹉使用硝基咪唑治疗，金丝雀,雀,秃鹰,一种灰质秃鹰和几种猎鹰，但是据报道，抗性菌株主要在家鸽和鹦鹉中。新的治疗方法包括用传统药物和一些植物提取物及其主要成分证明的新的递送系统。从生姜中提取的乙醇提取物，咖喱叶树和Dennettiatripetala，胡桃木的生物碱提取物和玫瑰天花和一些唇科的精油具有很高的活性。来自上述提取物的纯活性化合物显示出良好的抗滴虫活性，尽管大多数研究缺乏细胞毒性或体内测试。
Oropharyngeal avian trichomonosis is a potentially lethal parasitic disease that affects several avian orders. This
review is focused on the disease treatments since prophylactic treatment is prohibited in most countries and resistant strains are circulating. A systematic
review following the PRISMA procedure was conducted and included 60 articles. Successful and non-toxic treatments of avian oropharyngeal trichomonosis started with enheptin, a drug replaced by dimetridazole, metronidazole, ornidazole, carnidazole and ronidazole. Administration in drinking water was the most employed and recommended method, although hierarchy of the avian flocks and palatability of the medicated water can interfere with the treatments. Besides pigeons, treatments with nitroimidazoles were reported in budgerigars, canaries, finches, bald eagles, a cinereous vulture and several falcon species, but resistant strains were reported mainly in domestic pigeons and budgerigars. Novel treatments include new delivery systems proved with traditional drugs and some plant extracts and its main components. Ethanolic extracts from ginger, curry leaf tree and Dennettia tripetala, alkaloid extracts of Peganum harmala and essential oils of Pelargonium roseum and some Lamiaceae were highly active. Pure active compounds from the above extracts displayed good anti-trichomonal activity, although most studies lack a cytotoxicity or in vivo test.
