COVID-19可伴有中枢神经系统和周围神经系统(CNS和PNS)的急性神经系统并发症。在这项研究中,我们估计了在Assiut和Aswan大学医院的COVID-19住院患者中此类并发症的发生频率。
我们筛查了2020年6月1日至8月10日在上埃及的Assiut和Aswan大学医院收治的所有疑似COVID-19患者。临床和实验室检查,胸部和脑部的CT/MRI,并对每位患者进行神经生理学研究(如果需要)。
439例确诊/可能的COVID-19;222例出现神经系统表现。其中,117人患有急性神经系统疾病,其余人患有头痛等非特异性神经精神症状,眩晕,和抑郁症。75例患者的中枢神经系统受到影响:55例中风,其他患者惊厥(5),脑炎(6),缺氧性脑病(4),脊髓病(2),多发性硬化症复发(2),和脑膜脑炎(1)。PNS在42例患者中受到影响:大多数患者患有失语症和失语症(31),其他患者患有格林-巴利综合征(4),周围神经病变(3),重症肌无力(MG,2),或肌炎(2)。发烧,呼吸道症状,头痛是最常见的一般症状。高血压,糖尿病,缺血性心脏病是中枢神经系统病变患者中最常见的合并症。
在COVID-19中,CNS和PNS都受到影响。卒中是中枢神经系统最常见的并发症,和失语症和/或失语症是常见的PNS疾病。然而,有6例脑炎,脊髓脊髓病2例,2例MG,肌炎2例。
COVID-19 can be accompanied by acute neurological complications of both central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS). In this
study, we estimate the frequency of such complications among hospital inpatients with COVID-19 in Assiut and Aswan university hospitals.
We screened all patients with suspected COVID-19 admitted from 1 June to 10 August 2020 to the university hospitals of Assiut and Aswan in Upper Egypt. Clinical and laboratory tests, CT/MRI of the chest and brain, and neurophysiology
study were performed for each patient if indicated.
439 patients had confirmed/probable COVID-19; neurological manifestations occurred in 222. Of these, 117 had acute neurological disease and the remainder had nonspecific neuropsychiatric symptoms such as headache, vertigo, and depression. The CNS was affected in 75 patients: 55 had stroke and the others had convulsions (5), encephalitis (6), hypoxic encephalopathy (4), cord myelopathy (2), relapse of multiple sclerosis (2), and meningoencephalitis (1). The PNS was affected in 42 patients: the majority had anosmia and ageusia (31) and the others had Guillain-Barré syndrome (4), peripheral neuropathy (3), myasthenia gravis (MG, 2), or myositis (2). Fever, respiratory symptoms, and headache were the most common general symptoms. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease were the most common comorbidities in patients with CNS affection.
In COVID-19, both the CNS and PNS are affected. Stroke was the most common complication for CNS, and anosmia and/or ageusia were common for PNS diseases. However, there were 6 cases of encephalitis, 2 cases of spinal cord myelopathy, 2 cases of MG, and 2 cases of myositis.