The eruptive deviation of the permanent maxillary canine must be identified early, at the beginning of the second transitional period of the mixed dentition. Acting at this moment is fundamental for its spontaneous redirection and eruption. The aim of the paper is to present a case where the extraction of the deciduous canines was the choice for redirecting the maxillary permanent canines with eruptive palatal deviation, as well as to suggest a sequence of procedures for diagnosis and choice of treatment. The success of deciduous canine extraction in redirecting the ectopic permanent canines is discussed in this case, as well as aspects that might lead to failure. Still, it highlights the importance of computed tomography for choosing conservative treatment or traction, including it in the sequential guideline for acting in these cases.

Pulpal and periapical diseases are the most prevalent dental conditions damaging the oral health of children in China. In view of China\'s national condition, the level of diagnosis and treatment for pulpal and periapical diseases of deciduous teeth is uneven and clinically there are inconsistent standards on the selection of operation methods for the endodontic treatment in deciduous teeth. Targeting these problems, the Society of Pediatric Dentistry, Chinese Stomatological Association organized experts from several famous universities and hospitals in China to carry out a panel discussion. The results of domestic and overseas researches and diagnosis and treatment experiences on dental pulp disease and periapical disease of deciduous teeth were also referred to. The present guideline was finally developed for the reference of dental clinicians.
乳牙牙髓病是危害我国儿童口腔健康的常见疾病之一。针对我国乳牙牙髓病及根尖周病的诊断及治疗水平参差不齐，治疗术式选择不一的问题，中华口腔医学会儿童口腔医学专业委员会召集专家进行专题讨论，同时借鉴和参考国内外乳牙牙髓及根尖周病的研究成果与诊治经验，制订此标准。本指南中乳牙牙髓治疗包括间接牙髓治疗术、牙髓切断术和根管治疗术（牙髓摘除术）。由于对乳牙直接盖髓术的适应证选择尚未达成共识，故此项内容未纳入本指南。.

The new KIMO guidelines ‘Oral Health Care for Children’ approach caries as a behavioural related disease and unequivocally assign priority to causal caries treatment, emphasising lifestyle and behavioural changes. The 5-step concept of non-restorative caries treatment (NRCT) is recommended as treatment of choice for cavitated dentine lesions in primary dentition. Communicative aspects of NRCT are supported by limited technical interventions, for the purpose of effective oral care. A balance between aetiological and symptomatic treatment is sought for each child individually, in close cooperation with the parents. Technical aspects per tooth range from limited interventions like making cavities accessible for brushing, applying fluoride varnish or SDF, covering the cavity with a layer of glass ionomer cement to treatment like ART restoration or the Hall technique, in cases of necessity. Lifestyle changes lead to sustainable treatment results and enhance the quality of life of the child or young person.
De nieuwe KIMO-richtlijn ‘Mondzorg voor Jeugdigen’ beschouwt cariës als een gedragsgerelateerde ziekte en verleent ondubbel­zinnig prioriteit aan causale cariëstherapie met een accent op leefstijl- en gedragsverandering. Het 5-puntenconcept van niet-restauratieve caviteits­behandeling wordt aanbevolen als eerste keuze bij behandeling van gecaviteerde dentinelaesies in melkelementen. Hierbij worden communicatieve aspecten van de zorg ondersteund door beperkte technische interventie ten behoeve van doelmatige mondzorg. Bij ieder kind wordt in goed overleg met de ouders gezocht naar balans tussen causale behandeling en symptoom­bestrijding. De technische middelen per gebitselement variëren van beperkte interventies als het bereikbaar maken van laesies om effectief te poetsen, het aanbrengen van fluoride of zilverdiaminefluoride, de caviteitsbodem bedekken met glasionomeercement tot noodgrepen in de vorm van ART-restauraties of Hall-kronen. Leefstijlverandering zorgt voor een duurzaam resultaat van behandeling en draagt bij aan de kwaliteit van leven van het kind.

The International Association for Dental Traumatology has recently updated its guidelines following on from a consensus methodology. The update involves increased radiographic review, reduced splinting time for avulsed teeth and the recommendation against extraction of luxated primary teeth when displaced towards the permanent tooth germ. This article will highlight the relevant updates and introduce clinicians to the core outcome sets developed for traumatic dental injuries in both adults and children.

Deciduous caries and abnormal tooth development are common children\'s oral diseases which seriously harm the health of deciduous dentition, hinder the absorption of nutrients and affect the general growth and development. Caries of deciduous teeth progresses rapidly and can develop into rampant caries and other hard tissue diseases in a short time. The metal prefabricated crown is a stainless steel restoration for the treatment and repair of severe dental tissue damage in children. Its repair technique has certain operating procedures, requires specific equipments and materials, needs qualified dental clinicians to complete. The Society of Pediatric Dentistry, Chinese Stomatological Association organized experts to formulate the guideline of the clinical operation stainless steel crown restoration, so as to standardize the application of stainless steel crowns in the molar repair treatment of deciduous teeth such as caries in children and to further promote the application of the technique.
乳牙龋病和牙齿发育异常等疾病严重危害乳牙列健康，妨碍营养吸收，影响生长发育。乳牙龋损进展快，可在短时间内发展为猖獗性龋等牙体硬组织疾病。金属预成冠是一种适用于儿童严重牙体组织损害修复治疗、由不锈钢预制的牙冠。金属预成冠的修复技术有一定的操作程序，需要专门的器械和材料，由合格的口腔执业医师完成。中华口腔医学会儿童口腔医学专业委员会组织专家，制定乳牙金属预成冠修复临床操作规范，规范乳牙金属预成冠在儿童龋病等乳磨牙修复治疗中的应用，以利其进一步推广应用。.

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) occur most frequently in children and young adults. Older adults also suffer TDIs but at significantly lower rates than individuals in the younger cohorts. Luxation injuries are the most common TDIs in the primary dentition, whereas crown fractures are more commonly reported for the permanent teeth. Proper diagnosis, treatment planning and follow up are very important to assure a favorable outcome. These updates of the International Association of Dental Traumatology\'s (IADT) Guidelines include a comprehensive review of the current dental literature using EMBASE, MEDLINE, PUBMED, Scopus, and Cochrane Databases for Systematic Reviews searches from 1996 to 2019 and a search of the journal Dental Traumatology from 2000 to 2019. The goal of these guidelines is to provide information for the immediate or urgent care of TDIs. It is understood that some follow-up treatment may require secondary and tertiary interventions involving dental and medical specialists with experience in dental trauma. As with previous guidelines, the current working group included experienced investigators and clinicians from various dental specialties and general practice. The current revision represents the best evidence based on the available literature and expert opinions. In cases where the published data were not conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinions of the working group. They were then reviewed and approved by the members of the IADT Board of Directors. It is understood that guidelines are to be applied using careful evaluation of the specific clinical circumstances, the clinician\'s judgment, and the patient\'s characteristics, including the probability of compliance, finances and a clear understanding of the immediate and long-term outcomes of the various treatment options vs non-treatment. The IADT does not, and cannot, guarantee favorable outcomes from adherence to the Guidelines. However, the IADT believes that their application can maximize the probability of favorable outcomes.

Traumatic injuries to the primary dentition present special problems that often require far different management when compared to that used for the permanent dentition. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed these Guidelines as a consensus statement after a comprehensive review of the dental literature and working group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialties and the general dentistry community were included in the working group. In cases where the published data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinions or majority decisions of the working group. They were then reviewed and approved by the members of the IADT Board of Directors. The primary goal of these Guidelines is to provide clinicians with an approach for the immediate or urgent care of primary teeth injuries based on the best evidence provided by the literature and expert opinions. The IADT cannot, and does not, guarantee favorable outcomes from strict adherence to the Guidelines; however, the IADT believes their application can maximize the probability of favorable outcomes.

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the application of National guidelines for prevention and clinical management of traumatic dental injuries (NGPCMTDI) in developmental age published by the Italian Ministry of Health. Methods: In the present retrospective and multicenter study, 246 patients who underwent dental injury were selected to assess the management of the traumatic event compiled with the protocol provided by the National guidelines. Each health worker involved completed a form related to the dental injury in order to standardize the collected data. Two reference centers have been identified for data collection. Analyses for comparisons between groups were performed using the X2 test for categorical variables or by Fisher exact test as appropriate. Statistical significance was assumed at p < 0.05. Results: Evaluating the distribution by age we concluded that: 27.24% of the enrolled patients were aged 1-5 years, 51.63% 6-10 years, and 19.92% 11-17 years. The dental injuries occurred in 10.16% of the situations at home, 50.81% at school, 28.86% during recreation, and 9.35% at the gym. The deciduous dentition is involved in 34.96% of the traumas while the permanent dentition is involved in 69.51%. Conclusion: From the present study it emerged that the National guidelines are not uniformly applied.

暂无摘要。

BACKGROUND: An expert panel convened by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs and the Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry conducted a systematic review and formulated evidence-based clinical recommendations for the arrest or reversal of noncavitated and cavitated dental caries using nonrestorative treatments in children and adults.
METHODS: The authors conducted a systematic search of the literature in MEDLINE and Embase via Ovid, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews to identify randomized controlled trials reporting on nonrestorative treatments for noncavitated and cavitated carious lesions. The authors used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to assess the certainty in the evidence and move from the evidence to the decisions.
RESULTS: The expert panel formulated 11 clinical recommendations, each specific to lesion type, tooth surface, and dentition. Of the most effective interventions, the panel provided recommendations for the use of 38% silver diamine fluoride, sealants, 5% sodium fluoride varnish, 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel, and 5,000 parts per million fluoride (1.1% sodium fluoride) toothpaste or gel, among others. The panel also provided a recommendation against the use of 10% casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the recommended interventions are often used for caries prevention, or in conjunction with restorative treatment options, these approaches have shown to be effective in arresting or reversing carious lesions. Clinicians are encouraged to prioritize use of these interventions based on effectiveness, safety, and feasibility.