UNASSIGNED: The occurrence of a palatal fistula after surgical correction in a cleft palate patient is the most common complication in cleft palate surgery. This condition might be due to poor tissue quality and vascularity, an error in the surgical technique, the size of the defect, the age of the patient, and infection.
METHODS: Three patients with fistula in the anterior and mid-palate regions asked for correction. In past history, all cases had received multiple surgical corrections, and the result showed with recurrent fistula.
CONCLUSIONS: Surgical interventions for correction of palatal fistula might be difficult as the surrounding tissue has lost its quality, especially in secondary surgery or after multiple surgical interventions. Flap taken from the tongue can be chosen as an alternative source to close the fistula based on the consideration that the tongue has a favourable position, and located as the nearest tissue directly opposite to the palatal region, and has good vascularity. The aim of this report is to show the advantages of the use a surgical template made from alumina foil to measure the size and shape of the flap in accordance with the form and size of existed fistula. The surgical template was used as a guidance during drawn the design of the flap on the surface of the tongue.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of surgical templates was very useful as guidance during the marking procedure on the surface of the tongue for designing an individual tongue flap form.

UNASSIGNED: Modern imaging technologies, such as computed tomographic angiography (CTA), can be useful for preoperative assessment in deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap surgery. Planning perforator flap design can lead to improved surgical efficiency. However, current imaging modalities are limited by being displayed on a two-dimensional (2D) surface. In contrast, a 3D-printed model provides tactile feedback that facilitates superior understanding. Hence, we have 3D-printed patient-specific deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) templates, in an affordable and convenient manner, for preoperative planning.
UNASSIGNED: Twenty consecutive patients undergoing 25 immediate or delayed post-mastectomy autologous breast reconstruction with DIEP or muscle-sparing transverse rectus abdominis (MS-TRAM) flaps are recruited prospectively. Using free, open-source softwares (3D Slicer, Autodesk MeshMixer, and Cura) and desktop 3D printers (Ultimaker 3E and Moment), we created a template based on a patient\'s abdominal wall anatomy from CTA, with holes and lines indicating the position of perforators, their intramuscular course and the DIEA pedicle.
UNASSIGNED: The mean age of patients was 52 [38-67]. There were 15 immediate and 10 delayed reconstructions. 3D printing time took mean 18 hours and 123.7 g of plastic filament, which calculates to a mean material cost of AUD 8.25. DIEP templates accurately identified the perforators and reduced intraoperative perforator identification by 7.29 minutes (P=0.02). However, the intramuscular dissection time was not affected (P=0.34). Surgeons found the template useful for preoperative marking (8.6/10) and planning (7.9/10), but not for intramuscular dissection (5.9/10). There were no immediate flap-related complications.
UNASSIGNED: Our 3D-printed, patient-specific DIEP template is accurate, significantly reduces intraoperative perforator identification time and, hence, may be a useful tool for preoperative planning in autologous breast reconstruction.

The aim of this case report was to use a surgical technique for autotransplantation of tooth using virtually planned 3D printed surgical templates for guided osteotomy preparation of the recipient of donor tooth.
An 18-year-old male patient received autotransplantation of the right mandibular third molar to replace an included right second molar. This procedure was based on guided implant surgery methods by superimposition of DICOM files and 3D data sets of the jaws. In order to design a 3D-printed template with the aid of a fully digital workflow; the third molar was conserved in PRGF during the surgical procedure and the tooth socket was prepared with a template and the help of a 3D-printed donor tooth copy in order to prevent iatrogenic damage to the donor tooth. This template and replica were manufactured using 3D-printing techniques. The transplanted tooth was placed in infra-occlusion and fixed with a suture splint and root canal therapy was performed 15 days later. The intervention was be accomplished by performing preplanned virtual transplantations with guided osteotomies to ensure accurate donor tooth placement in the new recipient site. The 24 months follow-up showed physiological clinical and radiologic results compatible with healing periradicular tissues.
This approach enables the planning and production of a 3D printed surgical template using the latest diagnostic methods and techniques of guided implant surgery. These accurate virtually predesigned surgical templates and printed analogues of the donor tooth could facilitate autotransplantation, ensuring an atraumatic surgical protocol.

BACKGROUND: Root-end resection is an endodontic surgical intervention that requires high precision so that all ramifications and lateral canals so as infected tissues are eliminated. An exploratory study was conducted to justify the clinical safety and accuracy of guided root-end resection with a trephine.
METHODS: Fourteen root-end resections were performed in 11 patients. With the aid of computer tomography and rapid prototyping a stereolithographically fabricated, tooth-supported surgical template was used to guide trephinations. Surgery was performed using the printed surgical stent and a trephine was used not only for the osteotomy but for the root end resection as well.
RESULTS: The root end was successfully and completely resected by the trephine in all cases. No intraoperative complications were observed in any of the cases, and the patients were free of symptoms indicating recurrence or complications at the 6-month follow-up. The median angular deviation of the trephination was 3.95° (95% CI: 2.1-5.9), comparable to the angular deviation of guided implant surgery. The mean apex removal error (ARE) was 0.19 mm (95% CI: 0.03-0.07). The mean osteotomy depth error (ODE) was 0.37 mm (95% CI: 0.15-1.35). Overpenetration was a characteristic finding, which indicates the necessity of a stop-trephine.
CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that our results support the use of guided trephination for root-end resection.