■由于学校教育时间长等因素,中国医学生的精神困扰普遍存在,紧张的医患关系,患者众多,有限的医疗资源。然而,先前的研究未能提供这些精神障碍在该人群中的综合患病率。这项荟萃分析旨在估计常见精神障碍(CMD)的患病率,包括抑郁症,焦虑,和自杀行为,在中国的医学生中。
■我们对抑郁症患病率的实证研究进行了系统的搜索,焦虑,自杀未遂,自杀意念,2000年1月至2020年12月发表的中国医学生自杀计划。所有数据均在COVID-19之前收集。通过使用随机效应模型和单变量荟萃回归分析计算患病率和异质性估计。
■在中国23个省进行的总共197项研究被纳入最终的荟萃分析。抑郁症的患病率数据,焦虑,自杀未遂,自杀意念,自杀计划从129、80、21、53和14项研究中提取,分别。抑郁症的总体汇总粗患病率为29%[38,309/132,343;95%置信区间(CI):26%-32%];焦虑,18%(19,479/105,397;95%CI:15%-20%);自杀意念,13%(15,546/119,069;95%CI:11%-15%);自杀未遂,3%(1,730/69,786;95%CI:1%-4%);和自杀计划,4%(1,188/27,025;95%CI:3%-6%)。
■这项荟萃分析表明,中国医学生中CMD的患病率很高。需要进一步研究以确定有针对性的策略来改善该人群的心理健康。
The prevalence of mental distress is common for medical students in China due to factors such as the long duration of schooling, stressful doctor-patient relationship, numerous patient population, and limited medical resources. However, previous studies have failed to provide a comprehensive prevalence of these mental disorders in this population. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs), including depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors, among medical students in China.
We conducted a systematic search for empirical studies on the prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicide attempt, suicide ideation, and suicide plan in Chinese medical students published from January 2000 to December 2020. All data were collected pre-COVID-19. The prevalence and heterogeneity estimations were computed by using a random-effects model and univariate meta-regression analyses.
A total of 197 studies conducted in 23 provinces in China were included in the final meta-analysis. The prevalence data of depression, anxiety, suicide attempt, suicide ideation, and suicide plan were extracted from 129, 80, 21, 53, and 14 studies, respectively. The overall pooled crude prevalence for depression was 29% [38,309/132,343; 95% confidence interval (CI): 26%-32%]; anxiety, 18% (19,479/105,397; 95% CI: 15%-20%); suicide ideation, 13% (15,546/119,069; 95% CI: 11%-15%); suicide attempt, 3% (1,730/69,786; 95% CI: 1%-4%); and suicide plan, 4% (1,188/27,025; 95% CI: 3%-6%).
This meta-analysis demonstrated the high prevalence of CMDs among Chinese medical students. Further research is needed to identify targeted strategies to improve the mental health of this population.