SINE

SINE
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Selinexor是一类选择性核出口抑制剂(SINE),区块出口1(XPO1),蛋白质转运蛋白,在其他行动中,穿梭货物蛋白,如肿瘤抑制蛋白(TSP),糖皮质激素受体(GR),和癌蛋白信使RNA(mRNA)穿过核膜到达细胞质。通过阻断XPO1,selinexor促进TSP的核保存和激活,并阻止癌蛋白的mRNA翻译,从而诱导细胞凋亡。selinexor与地塞米松联合治疗复发性和/或难治性骨髓瘤(RRMM)的治疗价值已被成功证明。导致美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)于2019年批准selinexor与地塞米松联合用于治疗RRMM的成年患者,这些患者接受了至少4种先前疗法,并且其疾病对至少2种蛋白酶体抑制剂难以治疗,至少2种免疫调节剂,和抗CD38单克隆抗体(mAb)-一种五难治性骨髓瘤。最近,根据BOSTON在接受过至少一种先前治疗的RRMM患者中的研究,2020年12月FDA批准了selinexor联合硼替佐米和地塞米松.随着更多可用的安全性和有效性数据支持selinexor给药(和较少的每周累积给药)和时间表之间的间隔增加,与最初批准的每周160毫克剂量相反,支持性护理指南需要重新审视.当前的手稿总结了每周给药selinexor的支持性护理解决方案,并确定了selinexor治疗的理想潜在患者。
    Selinexor is a first in class selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), blocks exportin 1 (XPO1), a protein transporter, that among other actions, shuttles cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and oncoprotein messenger RNAs (mRNAs) across the nuclear membrane to cytoplasm. By blocking XPO1, selinexor facilitates nuclear preservation and activation of TSPs, and prevents mRNA translation of the oncoproteins leading to induction of apoptosis. The therapeutic value of selinexor in combination with dexamethasone has been successfully demonstrated in treating relapsed and/or refractory myeloma (RRMM), leading to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of selinexor in combination with dexamethasone in 2019 for the treatment of adult patients with RRMM who received at least 4 prior therapies and whose disease is refractory to at least 2 proteasome inhibitors, at least 2 immunomodulatory agents, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) - a pentarefractory myeloma. More recently, selinexor in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone was approved by the FDA in December 2020, based on the BOSTON study among RRMM patients who had received at least one prior line of therapy. With more available safety and efficacy data supporting the increased interval between dosing of selinexor (and lesser cumulative weekly dosing) and schedule, contrary to the originally approved dose of 160 mg per week, the supportive care guidelines needed to be revisited. The current manuscript summarizes the supportive care solutions with weekly dosing of selinexor and identifies the ideal potential patient for selinexor treatment.
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